Emergent and submergent coastal landforms

Question 1

How are marine terraces formed?

Answer 1

where a greater expanse of gently sloping formely submerged land has been exposed by uplift or lowering of sea levels

Question 2

how are raised beaches formed?

Answer 2

areas of former wave cut platforms and their beaches which are at a higher level than present sea level

Question 3

how is a fjord formed?

Answer 3

• drowned glacial valleys
• steep valley sides and are fairly straight and narrow
• typical u shaped cross section with hanging valleys on each side
• generally consists of a glacial rock basin with a shallower section at the end
• they were formed when the sea drowned the lower part of glacial valleys

Question 4

how are rias formed?

Answer 4

created by rising sea levels drowning river valleys
the floodplain of a river will vanish beneath the rising waters but on the edges of the uplands only the middle and upper course valleys will be filled with seawater leaving the high and dry land producing this feature

Question 5

how are submerged forests formed?

Answer 5

as climate warmed marsh and forests grew but continued submergence drowned them. only the tree stumps remained

Question 6

how are dalamation coastlines formed?

Answer 6

• dalamation coasts result by submergence of mountain ridges with alternating crests and troughs which run paralell to sea coast
• when sea level rises valley floods and the ridges remain exposed.
• forming a series of offshore islands running paralell to the coast

Question 7

which is an output from the coastal system?
a. waves
b. wave cut platform
c tidal currents
d. prevailing winds

Answer 7

b - wave cut platform

Question 8

tides are caused by:

a. the gravitational interplay between the moon and sun
b. prevailing winds
c. the subsurface shape of the coastline
d. strong rip currents

Answer 8

A- the gravitational interplay of the moon and sun

Question 9

which is not a sub-areal process operating on a coastling
a- longshore drift
b. salt weathering
c. biological weathering on a wave cut platform
d- slumping on a clifftop

Answer 9

A - longshore drift

Question 10

a coastal erosional landform is

a. sand spit
b. a wave cut notch
c. a tombolo
d. a barrier beach

Answer 10

b- a wave cut notch

Question 11

which of the following is not associated with sea level change

a. eustatic
b. isostatic
c. tectonic
d. accretion

Answer 11

d- accretion