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225 -Skin > Emergency Dermatology > Flashcards

Emergency Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is this?

A

Erythroderma (red skin)

At least 90% of the body being covered

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2
Q

What causes erythroderma?

A
  1. Poorly controlled eczema
  2. Psoriasis
  3. Idiopathic
  4. HIV/Malignancy
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3
Q

What are the characteristics of an erythroderma rash?

A

Generalised

Erythematous

Oedematous

Scaly

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4
Q

What is the management of erythoderma?

A
  • Treat cause
  • Emolients
  • Steroids
  • Check for sepsis (masked by heat loss)
  • Fluids - Fluid loss from skin
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5
Q

What is urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis and what causes them?

A

They all occur to due to mast cell degranulation

**Urticaria - **Local increase in blood flow do to increase capillary permiability

Angioedema - Urticaria joined up and affected lips and tongue

Anaphylaxis - Laryngeal odema caused restriction of upper airway

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6
Q

What is this?

A

Urticaria - Papular, erythematous, widespread rash, confluent

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7
Q

What is this?

A

Angioedema

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8
Q

What are some causes of urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis?

A

Idiopathic (50% urticaria)

Food eg nuts

Drugs

Viral

Cold/exercise/temp change

Pressure urticaria

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9
Q

What is the management of urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis?

A

Urticaria - Antihistamine

Angioedema - corticosteroids

Anaphylaxis - 1in 1000 IM adrenaline

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10
Q

What is this and what causes it and what is the mucosal involvement?

A

Erythema muliforme (target lesions)

Mucosal involvement limited to one surface

Causes -

TB

herpes,

NSAIDS

TETRACYCLINES

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11
Q

What is this?

What causes it?

What is the mucosal involvement?

A

Stevens Johnson Syndrome

Two mucosal sites and extensive necrosis

Causes -

  • Herpes
  • Pneumonia
  • Drugs (allupurinol/carbamazepine)
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12
Q

What name is given to the sign that skin is easily shed?

A

Nikolskys sign

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (severe Stevens Johnson)

Extensive skin necrolysis and shedding )

Cause - Drugs mainly

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14
Q

What is this

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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15
Q

What causes Bullous pemphigoid and what are the characteristics?

A

Autommune antibodies against layer between epidermis and dermis causing bullae which are fluid filled and itch.

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16
Q

Who tends to get Bullous pemphigoid?

A

Elderly

17
Q

How is Bullous pemphigoid managed?

A

Dressing, steroids, monitor for infection

18
Q

What is this?

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

19
Q

What caues Pemphigus vulgaris and what are the characteristics?

A

Antoimmune antibodies against the epidermis causing epidermal split and painful, fragile blisters

20
Q

Who tends to get Pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Middle aged

21
Q

What is the management for Pemphigus vulgaris

A

Dressings, steroids, check for infection

225 -Skin (10 decks)

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