Chronic Inflammatory Skin Conditions Flashcards
What is this?
Psoriasis - Plaque psoriasis
What is the pathophysiology behind psoriasis?
Chronic inflammation the skin and hyperproliferation of the keratonocytes with the inflammation
What are some precipitating factors for psoriasis?
Trauma
Infection
Drugs/Alcohol
Stress
What are the types of psoriasis?
- Chronic plaque - Most common extensor surfaces
- Seborrhoeic - Nasal folds
- Flexural (Inverse)
- Guttate - drop shaped and salmon pink
- Pustular
- Erythrodermic
What are the common symptoms of psoriasis including the appearence of the rash
Appearence - Well demarcated erythematous plaque that is scaly
Symptoms - Itchy, burning, painful and may bleed
What are some systemic symptoms of psoriasis?
Psoriatic arthropathy
Onycholyis
Pitted nails
What are five treament methods for psoriasis?
- Education - not malignancy/infection, avoid triggers
- Topical emolients and steroids to maintain barrier and reduce inflammation
- Vitamin D/Retinoids - slow keratinocyte production
- Phototherapy - reduce inflammation in extensive disease
- Systemic immunosuppresants if needed eg methotrexate
What is this?
Eczema/Dermatitis
What is this?
Eczema/Dermatitis
What is atopic eczema?
This is ezcema that appears during childhood and normally clears by teenage years but can remerge.
Atopic means sensitive to things
What is the pathophysiology behind eczema and what can cause it?
It is a skin barrier dysfunction characterised by HIGH IGE where the body attempts to fight causes which leads to the symptoms.
Causes:
- Heat
- Food
- Allergens
- Stress
- Infection
- etc
What does an ezcema rash look like?
Erythemtous, dry, scaly
Where does eczema commonly appear?
Face or extensors of infants
Flexors of children adults
What does it have to be to be ezcema?
ITCHY
What happens from chronic itching of eczema?
Lichenification
What is the management of eczema?
- Avoid triggers
- Emolients and steroids (barrier and reduce inflammation)
- Anti histamines
- Antobiotics for secondary infections
- Phototherapy or immunosuppression
What are some complications of eczema?
Infection
Ezcema herpitacum - Decreased immune response in asthma leads to widespread herpes
Topical Steroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation. What are they and their strengths
Weak to high:
Hydrocortisone
Eumavate
Betruvate
Dermovate
Help Every Bad Dermatologist
What is acne?
Blocking of sebaceous follicles with sebum.
More sebum is produced at puberty and this causes blockages and the formation of comedones
What is this?
Comedone
open - blackhead
closed - whitehead
What is this?
Facial acne
How can acne present?
Non inflammatory lesions (comedones)
Inflammtory lesions which can my papular, pustular and cystic
What is the treatment for acne?
Topical therapies if mine - Antimicrobials and retinoids (these are comedolytic by incouraging skin shedding)
Oral therapies
Oral retinoids if severe
What is this?
What sets it apart from other face rashes?
Rosacea
It is all over the face
What is this?
Fibrous rosacea
What is rosacea?
Chronic facial dermatitis due to telengectasia.
The abnormal flow causes papules, pustules and fibrosis
What is the cause of rosacea?
Unknown
What is the management of rosacea?
Doxycycline and metranidazole for anti inflammatory properties
Relapsing and cant get rid of it
What is this?
Lichen planus
What is lichen planus?
Itchy papular rash of unknown cause that is non infectious.
It often lasts for around two years and is self limiting.
Can use steroid creams to reduce inflammation
What is the apperance of a lichen planus rash?
Rash, papular, erythematous border, shiny papules which become confluent
