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Apexia > Embryology (Pharyngeal Apparatus) > Flashcards

Embryology (Pharyngeal Apparatus) Flashcards

1
Q

Pharyngeal apparatus constitutes:

A

The pharyngeal pouch
The pharyngeal groove/cleft
The pharyngeal membrane
The pharyngeal arch

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2
Q

The pharyngeal apparatus helps in formation of ________ and _________

A

The neck and head region

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3
Q

The elevation in the lateral primitive wall of the pharynx caudal during the 4th week of intrauterine development is ___________

A

Pharyngeal arch

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4
Q

The elevation between the arch on the outer aspect of the pharyngeal wall is ________

A

Pharyngeal cleft/groove

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5
Q

The pouch between them on the inner aspect of the pharyngeal wall is ______________

A

Pharyngeal pouch

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6
Q

Components of the pharyngeal arch

A

Muscle component
Cartilaginous rod/bar
A core
A nerve
Pharyngeal arch artery

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7
Q

Arteries of the pharyngeal arch

A

1st Arch Artery:
Maxillary Artery

2nd Arch Artery:
Hyoid and stapedial artery

3rd Arch Artery:
Common Carotid Artery
Internal Carotid Artery

4th Arch Artery:
Aortic Arch Artery
Subclavian Artery

6th Arch Artery:
Dorsus interosis
Pulmonary Artery

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8
Q

________ is a horseshoe-shaped with its end directed dorsally

A

A cartilagr

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9
Q

The dorsal endnjs higher than the ventral end refers to ______

A

The cartilage

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10
Q

Cartilage of the pharyngeal arch constitutes

A

1st Arch cartilage
It is known as Meckel’s cartilage
It forms the malleus and incus bone
It consist of stephnomandibular and spine of bone

2nd Arch cartilage
It is known as Reicherts Cartilage
It forms the stapes bone and styloid process
It consist of the upper part of the hyoid bone and lesser horn

3rd Arch Cartilage
It forms the lower part of the hyoid bone and greater horn

4th and 6th Arcg Cartilage
It forms the thyroid, corniculate, cricoid, artenoid and cuneiform

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11
Q

Highlight the nerves of the pharyngeal arch

A

Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve

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12
Q

_______ is the nerve of the 1st arch

A

Trigeminal nerve

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13
Q

Trigeminal nerve is of _______ division, namely;

A

2 Division

Namely;
Maxillary division
Mandibular division

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14
Q

________ nerve supplies the taste fibers to the anterior two third of the tongue

A

The chord tympanic nerve

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15
Q

The nerve of the 2nd arch nerve is ______

A

Facial nerve

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16
Q

_________ supplies the motor bunches to all muscles derived from the 2nd arch

A

Facial nerve

17
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve is the nerve of the _________ arch

A

The nerve of the 3rd Arch

18
Q

Superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve is derived from __________ nerve

A

Vagus nerve

19
Q

2nd arch muscle refers to ________

A

The facial expression muscle

20
Q

Tue 2nd arch muscle comprises of

A

Stylohyoid
Posterior & anterior belly of gastric
Stapedius

21
Q

3rd Arch muscle is made up of

A

Stylopharyngeus

22
Q

6th arch muscle constitute ______

A

The intrinsic muscle of larynx

23
Q

4th Arch muscle constitute _______

A

Cricothyroid
Levator veli palati
Contractors of the pharynx

24
Q

The first arch syndrome refers to ________

A

Treachers Collins syndrome

25
Q

________ occurs in 1/85000 births

A

Treachers Collins syndrome

26
Q

Treachers Collins syndrome is characterised by _______ and _______

A

Molar and mandibular hypoplasia
Deformed external ear

27
Q

_______ is an autosomal recessive disorder

A

Pierre Robin Syndrome

28
Q

Pierre Robin syndrome is characterized by _________ _________ and __________

A

Cleft palate
Glossoptosis
Micrognathia

29
Q

DiGeorge syndrome results from _________

A

Microdeletion from chromosome 22

30
Q

___________ is the most severe disorder of the pharyngeal arches

A

DiGeorge Syndrom

31
Q

DiGeorge syndrome occur in _______ birth

A

1/25000 births

32
Q

DiGeorge Syndrome leads abnormal development of _______

A

The neural crest

33
Q

________ is characterized by fish mouth deformity and low-set notched ears

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

34
Q

The rupturing of the branchial cyst forms the _______

A

Branchial fistula

35
Q

3rd pharyngeal pouch expands and differentiates into _______ and _______ parts

A

Ventral and dorsal parts

36
Q

The dorsal part of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch forms the _________ and the ventral part forms the _____

A

Dorsal: The inferior parathyroid gland

The ventral: The thymus

37
Q

4th pharyngeal pouch constitutes the _______

A

The parathyroid gland

38
Q

The first pharyngeal cleft gives rise to _________

A

The external auditory meatus

39
Q

________ ________ and ________ are obliterated pharyngeal cleft

A

The 2nd, 3rd and 4th pharyngeal cleft are obliterated.

Apexia (14 decks)

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