Embryology (Pharyngeal Apparatus) Flashcards
Pharyngeal apparatus constitutes:
The pharyngeal pouch
The pharyngeal groove/cleft
The pharyngeal membrane
The pharyngeal arch
The pharyngeal apparatus helps in formation of ________ and _________
The neck and head region
The elevation in the lateral primitive wall of the pharynx caudal during the 4th week of intrauterine development is ___________
Pharyngeal arch
The elevation between the arch on the outer aspect of the pharyngeal wall is ________
Pharyngeal cleft/groove
The pouch between them on the inner aspect of the pharyngeal wall is ______________
Pharyngeal pouch
Components of the pharyngeal arch
Muscle component
Cartilaginous rod/bar
A core
A nerve
Pharyngeal arch artery
Arteries of the pharyngeal arch
1st Arch Artery:
Maxillary Artery
2nd Arch Artery:
Hyoid and stapedial artery
3rd Arch Artery:
Common Carotid Artery
Internal Carotid Artery
4th Arch Artery:
Aortic Arch Artery
Subclavian Artery
6th Arch Artery:
Dorsus interosis
Pulmonary Artery
________ is a horseshoe-shaped with its end directed dorsally
A cartilagr
The dorsal endnjs higher than the ventral end refers to ______
The cartilage
Cartilage of the pharyngeal arch constitutes
1st Arch cartilage
It is known as Meckel’s cartilage
It forms the malleus and incus bone
It consist of stephnomandibular and spine of bone
2nd Arch cartilage
It is known as Reicherts Cartilage
It forms the stapes bone and styloid process
It consist of the upper part of the hyoid bone and lesser horn
3rd Arch Cartilage
It forms the lower part of the hyoid bone and greater horn
4th and 6th Arcg Cartilage
It forms the thyroid, corniculate, cricoid, artenoid and cuneiform
Highlight the nerves of the pharyngeal arch
Trigeminal nerve
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
_______ is the nerve of the 1st arch
Trigeminal nerve
Trigeminal nerve is of _______ division, namely;
2 Division
Namely;
Maxillary division
Mandibular division
________ nerve supplies the taste fibers to the anterior two third of the tongue
The chord tympanic nerve
The nerve of the 2nd arch nerve is ______
Facial nerve
_________ supplies the motor bunches to all muscles derived from the 2nd arch
Facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve is the nerve of the _________ arch
The nerve of the 3rd Arch
Superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve is derived from __________ nerve
Vagus nerve
2nd arch muscle refers to ________
The facial expression muscle
Tue 2nd arch muscle comprises of
Stylohyoid
Posterior & anterior belly of gastric
Stapedius
3rd Arch muscle is made up of
Stylopharyngeus
6th arch muscle constitute ______
The intrinsic muscle of larynx
4th Arch muscle constitute _______
Cricothyroid
Levator veli palati
Contractors of the pharynx
The first arch syndrome refers to ________
Treachers Collins syndrome
________ occurs in 1/85000 births
Treachers Collins syndrome
Treachers Collins syndrome is characterised by _______ and _______
Molar and mandibular hypoplasia
Deformed external ear
_______ is an autosomal recessive disorder
Pierre Robin Syndrome
Pierre Robin syndrome is characterized by _________ _________ and __________
Cleft palate
Glossoptosis
Micrognathia
DiGeorge syndrome results from _________
Microdeletion from chromosome 22
___________ is the most severe disorder of the pharyngeal arches
DiGeorge Syndrom
DiGeorge syndrome occur in _______ birth
1/25000 births
DiGeorge Syndrome leads abnormal development of _______
The neural crest
________ is characterized by fish mouth deformity and low-set notched ears
DiGeorge Syndrome
The rupturing of the branchial cyst forms the _______
Branchial fistula
3rd pharyngeal pouch expands and differentiates into _______ and _______ parts
Ventral and dorsal parts
The dorsal part of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch forms the _________ and the ventral part forms the _____
Dorsal: The inferior parathyroid gland
The ventral: The thymus
4th pharyngeal pouch constitutes the _______
The parathyroid gland
The first pharyngeal cleft gives rise to _________
The external auditory meatus
________ ________ and ________ are obliterated pharyngeal cleft
The 2nd, 3rd and 4th pharyngeal cleft are obliterated.
