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ENT > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 division of mesoderm?

A
  • paraxial
  • intermediate
  • lateral plate
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2
Q

What day does pharyngeal arch 1 develop?

A
  • day 22
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3
Q

What day does pharyngeal arch 2 and 3 develop?

A
  • day 24
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4
Q

What day does pharyngeal arch 4 and 6 develop?

A
  • day 29
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5
Q

What pharyngeal arch is not present in human embryos?

A
  • arch 5
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6
Q

Each pharyngeal arch has its own?

A
  • cranial nerve
  • artery
  • cartilage
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7
Q

Pharyngeal clefts are found on the ___ectoderm/endoderm__ surface?

A
  • ectoderm

- clefts cover!

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8
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 1?

A
  • CN V

- trigeminal

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9
Q

What are the 2 processes of pharyngeal arch 1?

A
  • maxillary process ( CN V2)

- Mandibular process ( CNV3)

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10
Q

The maxillary process of pharyngeal arch 1 is responsible for what?

A
  • maxilla

- zygomatic bone

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11
Q

The mandibular process of pharyngeal arch 1 is responsible for what?

A
  • Meckel’s cartilage
  • incus
  • malleus
  • mandible
  • squamous region of temporal bone
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12
Q

What are the muscular derivatives of pharyngeal arch 1?

A
  • muscles of mastication
  • Tensor veli palatini
  • Tensor tympani
  • Mylohyoid
  • Anterior belly of digastric
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13
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 2?

A
  • CN VII

- facial nerve

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14
Q

What is the skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arch 2?

A
  • Stapes
  • Styloid process of temporal bone
  • Stylohyoid ligament
  • Lesser horn of hyoid
  • Upper part of hyoid body
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15
Q

What are the muscular derivatives of pharyngeal arch 2?

A
  • Muscles of facial expression
  • Posterior belly of digastric
  • Stylohyoid
  • Stapedius
  • Auricular muscles
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16
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 3?

A
  • CN IX

- Glossopharyngeal

17
Q

Skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arch 3?

A
  • Greater horn of hyoid bone

- Lower part of hyoid bone

18
Q

Muscular derivatives of pharyngeal arch 3?

A
  • Stylopharyngeus
19
Q

Cranial nerve associated with pharyngeal arches 4 and 6?

A
  • CN X

- Vagus

20
Q

Skeletal derivatives of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6?

A
  • laryngeal cartilages
21
Q

Muscular derivates of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6?

A 
o	Levator veli palatini
o	Salpingopharyngeus
o	Palatoglossus
o	Palatopharyngeus
o	3 Pharyngeal constrictors
o	Cricothyroid
o	Intrinsic muscles of the larynx
22
Q

What is the final development of the pharyngeal clefts?

A
  • cleft 1 = tympanic membrane

- cleft 2-4 = cervical sinus

23
Q

Where are cervical cysts typically found?

A
  • along the sternocleidomastoid
24
Q

What is the tympani membrane formed from?

A
  • diverticulum between pharyngeal pouch 1 and pharyngeal cleft 1
25
Q

1st pharyngeal pouch is responsible for the formation of what?

A
  • tympanic membrane
  • middle ear
  • Eustachian tube
26
Q

the 2nd pharyngeal pouch is responsible for what?

A
  • palatine tonsil
27
Q

The 3rd pharyngeal pouch forms what?

A
  • inferior parathyroid gland

- thymus

28
Q

The 4th pharyngeal pouch forms what?

A
  • superior parathyroid gland

- ultimobranchial body

29
Q

What week does tongue development begin?

A
  • week 4
30
Q

Sensation of the anterior mucosa of the tongue?

A
  • CN V3
31
Q

Sensation of the posterior tongue?

A
  • CN IX
32
Q

Anterior taste of the tongue?

A
  • CN VII
33
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior tongue?

A
  • terminal sulcus
34
Q

Pharyngeal arch 2 broadly is responsible for what?

A
  • muscles of facial expression
35
Q

Where does the nasolacrimal grove lie?

A
  • between the maxillary prominence and the lateral nasal prominence
36
Q

When the primary palate forms what is the name of the communication between the oral and nasal cavity?

A
  • primitive choanae

ENT (6 decks)

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