Embryology Flashcards
Name for fertilised egg up to week 8?
Embryo
Name for fertilised egg from week 9 onwards?
Foetus
Name the 6 stages of embryogenesis?
Gametogenesis, fertilisation, cleavage, gastrulation, morphogenesis and organogenesis
When does cleavage start and what 2 things happens?
- Within 1-4 days
- Cells divide to form a morula then blastocyst
- Compaction occurs when cell junctions form and fluid supplies outer cells
Number of cells in a morula + blastocyst?
> 16 + > 100
Number of cell said to be totipotent in an embryo?
Up to 8
When does gastrulation occur and what happens?
Week 3 and germ layers form
Name the 3 germ layers?
Endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm
What happens in morphogenesis + when does it occur?
Embryo folds from flat shape into a tube + week 4
What happens in organogensis?
Organs form
3 steps of sperm entering an egg?
- Sperm binds to zona pellucida
- Sperm releases acrosomal enzymes which allow sperm into egg and fusion
- Egg releases cortical granules to prevent more sperm binding
Where does a blastocyst normally implant and what happens straight after implantation?
Upper dorsal uterus and hatching (sheds zona pellucida)
Name the outer layer of a blastocyst and its 2 sublayers?
Trophoblast and cytotrophoblast + synctiotrophoblast
Which blastocyst layer is the outermost and attaches to the uterine wall?
Synctiotrophoblast
Name the inner layers + associated surfaces of a blastocyst?
Epiblast (dorsal) and hypoblast (ventral)