Embryology Flashcards
1
Q
What is Marfan Syndrome?
A
- Bone abnormality
- connective tissue disorder causing excessive long bone growth
- LINCOLN
2
Q
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
A
- Thin curved bones
- decreased bone density
- frequent fractures
3
Q
Achondroplasia
A
- Most common form of dwarfism
- affects long bones
- random mutation
4
Q
Acromegaly
A
- Excess growth hormone AFTER growth plates close
- large, heavy bones (face, hands, & feet)
- ANDRE THE GIANT
5
Q
Gigantism
A
- Excess growth hormone BEFORE growth plates close
- overall large size
6
Q
Spina Bifida occulta
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- neural tube doesnt close completely = no neural arch
- tuft of hair at base of spinal column
- least serious spina bifida
7
Q
Meningocele
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- no neural arch
- similar to spina bifida occulta but the meninges also escape
8
Q
Myelomeningocele
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- both the meninges and nerves exit where there is no neural arch
9
Q
Klippel Feil Syndrome
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- congenital fusion of cervical vertebral bodies
- short neck (brevicollis)
10
Q
Hemivertebrae resulting in Scoliosis
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- only one ossification center forms in a vertebral body
= 1/2 vertebrae
11
Q
Cervical Ribs
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- ribs develop in the cervical region
- puts pressure on important vessels going through neck
- extra lumbar ribs are more common and clinically silent
12
Q
Pectus Excavatum
A
- abnormality of spinal development
- concave sternum
- cause unknown
13
Q
Abnormal Limb Development terms
A
- Amelia = no limbs
- Meromelia = partial absence of limbs
- Phocomelia = hand or foot like appendage connected directly to trunk
14
Q
Thalidomide babies
A
- used for morning sickness in 50’s
- babies had no arms
15
Q
Polydactyly
A
- extra digits
- can be fully formed or only connective tissue
- most common hand anomally
