embryo 1 Flashcards
gliablasts that migrate to the marginal layer form ____
astrocytes
gliablasts that migrate to the mantle layer form ____
oligodendroglia
when neuroepithelial cells finish producing gliablasts, remaining neuroepithelial cells will differentiate into _____ which line the central canal of the spinal cord and other ventricular spaces within the CNS
ependymal cells
when BVs grow into the brain, vascular mesenchymal cells give rise to ____ which are the phagocytic cells of the CNS
microglia
glial cells:
astrocytes oligodendroglia ependymal cells microglia schwann cells (neural crest)
neural crest cell derivatives
viscerocranium, ganglia, odontoblasts, enteric and ANS, adrenal medulla, glial cells and leptimeninges, trunks of great vessels
in the adult, the spinal cord terminates at ____ and the dura at ___
L2/3 ; S2
in the developing cerebellum, the ____ come together to form the _____, which gives rise to the cerebellum
rhombic lips; cerebellar plate
in the developing cerebellum, the midline portion is the _____ and laterally are the _____
vermis; hemispheres
a _____ forms to separate out the ____ from the vermis and the ____ from the hemispheres
transverse fissure; nodule; flocculus
the nodule and flocculus from each side form the _____
flocculondular lobe
in the midbrain, the marginal layer around the basal plates will enlarge to form the _____ aka _____
crus cerebri ; cerebral peduncles
the alar plates form the _____ and ____ in the midbrain; they also form _____
superior; inferior colliculi; red nucleus substantia nigra
the diencephalon has ____ and a ____
alar plates; roof plate
the roof plate of the diencephalon will form _____ and also the ____
choroid plexus of 3rd ventricle; pineal body
medially within the diencephalon is the ____ and laterally are the _____
3rd ventricle; alar plates
a groove appears within each alar plate called the ____, dividing the alar plate into the ____ and _____
hypothalamic sulcus; thalamus; hypothalamus
the pituitary gland or hypophysis is formed from:
Rathke’s pouch (ectodermal outpocketing from primitive oral cavity)
infundibulum- downward extension of diencephalon
cortex of the adrenal gland derived from _____ and medulla derived from _____ called _____
mesoderm; neural crest cells ; chrommafin cells
cranial region opening of neural tube
anencephaly
spinal region opening of neural tube
spina bifida
modalities of each section of brainstem
medulla and pons contain all 6; midbrain contains only somatic efferent and general visceral efferent
the hindbrain is split into eight _____, which give rise to the _____ of the cranial nerves
rhombomeres; motor nuclei
the sensory nuclei of the cranial nerves are derived from _____ and _____
ectodermal placodes; neural crest cells
