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Head And Neck > Embroyology- The Pahryngeal Arches > Flashcards

Embroyology- The Pahryngeal Arches Flashcards

1
Q

What are the pharyngeal arches?

A

A system of menechyme proliferations in the head and neck region

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2
Q

What are the numbers of the pharyngeal arches?

A

Numbered 1-6 but there is no number 5 in humans

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3
Q

What are the cranial nerves of the pharyngeal arches?

A

CNV, CVII, CNIX and CNX

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4
Q

From where is the facial skelton derivied?

A

The frontonasal prominence and the 1st pharyngeal arch

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5
Q

From where are the muscles of mastication derivied?

A

The 1st pharyngeal arch

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6
Q

From where are the muscles of facial expression dervived?

A

The second pharyngeal arch

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7
Q

What muscles are derived from the third pharyngeal arch?

A

The stlyopharyngeus

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8
Q

What muscles are derivied from the 4h pharyngeal arch?

A

The cricothryoid, the levator plantani and the constrictors of the pharynx

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9
Q

What is the cranial nerve of the 1st arch?

A

CNV the trigemnial nerve

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10
Q

With what pharyngeal arch is the facial nerve assoicated with?

A

The 2nd pharyngeal arch

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11
Q

What is the nerve of the third pahryngeal arch?

A

The glossopharyngeal nerve CNIX

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12
Q

With what pahryngeal arches is the vagus nerve associated?

A

The 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches

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13
Q

What are the branches of the vagus nerve that are associated with different pharyngeal arches?

A

The 4th arch branch is the superior laryngeal nerve

The 6th arch branch is the recurrent laryngeal nerve

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14
Q

What is the cartilage associated with the 1st pahryngeal arch?

A

Meckels cartilage

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15
Q

What cariltganous structures does the 1st pharyngeal arch help to create?

A

Divides into maxillary and mandibular prominences, mandibular prominence helps develop to the prominent meckels cartilage which helps to form the malleus and the incus by membranous ossification

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16
Q

What is the caritalge that is assoicated with the second pahryngeal arch?

A

Reicherts cartilage

17
Q

What bony structures do the second pahryngeal arch contribute towards the development of?

A

Middle ear development, the stapes, the sytolid proccess of the temporal bone, the stylohyoid ligament and the upper body the hyoid bone ( remainder is dervived from the third arch of the cartilage)

18
Q

What are some of the derviatives of the third pahryngeal arch?

A

The cartilage produces the lower part of the body of the hyoid boen

19
Q

What bony structures do the 4th and 6th arc cartilages contribute to the development of?

A

The mesenchyme of the pharyngeal floor helps to form the epiglottis, and the cartilaginous components of the 4th and 6th pahryngeal arches fuse to form the hyoid

20
Q

What arieries are formed from the 1st and 2nd pahryngeal arches?

A

None, the ateries associated with these disappear

21
Q

What are the ateries dervived from the 3rd branch of the pahryngeal arch?

A

The internal cartoid artery

22
Q

What are the arteries associated with the 4th arch atery?

A

Arch of aorta, and the barhcepatlis artery

23
Q

What are the arteries associated with the 6th pharyngeal arch?

A

Pulmonary arch

24
Q

What is formed by the first pharyngeal pouch?

A

The future external aurdoitory meatus, and helps to form the primitive middle ear cavity

25
Q

What are some of the deriviatives of the secon pharyngeal pouch?

A

Help to form the primodium of the palatine tonsils, as they are infiltrated by lymphoid tissues

26
Q

What are some of the derviatives of the third pahryngeal pouch?

A

The ventral region of the third pouch helps to from the thymus
The dorsal region of the 3rd and 4th puches help to form the parathryod tissue

27
Q

What are some of the derviatives of the fourth phayrngeal pouch?

A

Eptihelium of the dorsal region forms the 4th pahryngeal puch,

28
Q

What happens to the pharyngeal clefts?

A

The 1st celft is all that remains, and the 2nd arch grows down to cover them and obliaterate all the other clefts

29
Q

What happens if the cercival sinus is not obliterated?

A

Cysts or fistulae can occur, can occur anywhere down the anterior border of the sternocleiodmastoid, are are most often below the angle of the jaw

Head And Neck (15 decks)

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