elizabethan - chapter 3.1

Question 1

what religion was elizabeth

Answer 1

protestant

Question 2

what had influenced elizabeth’s religion

Answer 2

her education had been influenced by protestants, such as her step-mother Catherine Parr and her tutor Roger Ascham

Question 3

when she became queen, how did elizabeth demonstrate her protestantism

Answer 3

by forbidding priests from performing the traditional mass in royal chapels, so rejecting the old catholic idea of transubstantiation

Question 4

what did elizabeth like about catholicism

Answer 4

certain elements, particularly church decoration and church music

Question 5

what were elizabeth’s aims when creating her religious settlement

Answer 5

they were more political than religious
- one aim was to heal divisions between catholics and protestant before they led to unrest and civil war
-> this had happened in both germany and france
-> the country was very divided - protestantism was quite strong in the south east of england, but catholicism was still very strong in the north and west

• another aim was to maximise her personal power and wealth by taking as much control over the church as she could
  -> this did not fit with remaining loyal to the pope in rome

Question 6

when was the act of supremacy passed

Answer 6

may 1559

Question 7

what did the act of supremacy deal with

Answer 7

elizabeth’s political aims regarding the church

Question 8

what did the act of supremacy state

Answer 8

• it established the break from rome and an independent church of england
• however, as a compromise, elizabeth chose the less controversial title of supreme governor rather than supreme head, which had been used by her father and brother
  -> she hoped this would pacify the catholics who still regarded the pope as ‘head’ of the church
• stated that the church would keep its existing, pre-reformation episcopal structure, with two archbishops (canterbury and york) and various bishops below them helping elizabeth govern the church
  -> this was a concession to the catholics, as all the european protestant churches had all got rid of this sort of hierarchy

Question 9

what did elizabeth make the clergy do

Answer 9

swear an oath of loyalty to her

Question 10

what did the Court of High Commission do

Answer 10

monitored people, and prosecuted those who seemed to be disloyal

Question 11

when was the Act of Uniformity passed

Answer 11

may 1559

Question 12

what was the aim of the act of uniformity

Answer 12

aimed to end quarrels between catholics and protestants by making it clear what the Anglican church believed in

Question 13

what followed the act of uniformity

Answer 13

it was followed by royal injunctions 2 months later, which outlined 57 rules to be followed, and then the Thirty-Nine articles in 1563

Question 14

what religion was the new church created

Answer 14

protestant

Question 15

what were the changes to the church

Answer 15

• a new book of common prayer was issued
  -> was moderately worded but contained radical protestant ideas
• the traditional catholic mass was abandoned
• the bible was written in english
• services were in english
• the clergy were allowed to marry
• old catholic practices, such as pilgrimages and saints’ images were banned
• however, the law did try to pacify english catholics
• although the law declared that the altar should be replaced with a communion table, to please the catholics the law also stated that ornaments such as crosses and candles could be placed on the table
• priests also had to wear traditional catholic-style vestments rather than the plain black ones worn by protestants