Elizabeth Topic 1

Question 1

what was the hierarchy in the countryside

Answer 1

1. nobility
2. gentry
3. yeomen
4. Tennant farmers
5. landless and working poor
6. homeless and beggars

Question 1

what was the hierarchy in towns

Answer 1

1. merchants
2. professionals
3. business owners
4. skilled craftsmen
5. unskilled workers
6. unemployed

Question 2

what was the “court”

Answer 2

noblemen who advised the queen

Question 3

what was the “parliament”

Answer 3

House of Lords and commons
advised Elizabeths government

Question 4

what was the “privy council”

Answer 4

Nobels who helped govern the country

Question 5

what was the 5 issues Elizabeth faced when she became queen

Answer 5

• young and unexperienced
• financial weakness
• challenges from abroad
• her character
• religious divide

Question 6

what were the challenges from abroad Elizabeth faced

Answer 6

france, spain, and scotland were all catholic countries and the people leading them (MQOS) had ties to the thrown so presented a threat

Question 7

what were the financial issues Elizabeth faced

Answer 7

the crown was £300,000 in dept
Mary 1 had sold off the crown lands, so it was harder for Elizabeth to make money and she also borrowed money from foreign countries who wanted their money back

Question 8

why did people believe Elizabeth was illegitimate

Answer 8

Her father, King Henry VIII, had Parliament annul his marriage to Elizabeth’s mother—his second wife, Anne Boleyn—thus making Elizabeth an illegitimate child and removing her from the line of succession

Question 9

why did her character help her at the start of her reign

Answer 9

she was well educated, she was confident and charismatic. she believed it was a divine right to rule and had an excellent understanding of politics, however she was very stubborn and sometimes clashed with her advisors

Question 10

what was the catholic ideas

Answer 10

• pope was head of the church
• priests can forgive us
• bread and wine become the body and blood of christ
• services in latin
• churches were highly decorated
• catholics were the majority in the north and west of England

Question 11

what was the protestant ideas

Answer 11

• no pope
• only god can forgive sins
• bread and wine represent the body and blood of christ
• services in English
• churches should be plain and simple
• protestants were the majority int he south-east, east anglia, and London

Question 12

what was the puritan ideas

Answer 12

very strict protestants
no decoration in churchs
shared many of the same beliefs as protestant ideas but more extreme
no bishops
puritans found in London and east anglia

Question 13

when was the religious settlement

Answer 13

1559

Question 14

what was the aim of the religious settlement

Answer 14

establish a religious form that would be acceptable to catholics and protestants

Question 15

what was the act of uniformity

Answer 15

• enforced the use of a book of common prayer
• established the appearance of churches
• how services should be conducted

Question 16

what was the act of supremacy

Answer 16

made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church of England. All clergy had to
swear an oath of allegiance to her.

Question 17

what was the book of common prayer

Answer 17

introduced a set of new church services to be used in all churches.

Question 18

what was the royal injunctions

Answer 18

forced all clergy to teach Royal Supremacy, keep an English Bible, report people who
refused to attend church.

Question 19

what were the challenges to the religious settlement

Answer 19

puritan challenge
catholic challenge from abroad
catholic challenge from home
vestment controversy
crucifix controversy

Question 20

explain the puritan challenge to the religious settlement

Answer 20

Disobeyed parts of the Religious Settlement.

Question 21

explain the crucifix controversy challenge to the religious settlement

Answer 21

refused to display crucifixes in churches, which had been ordered by Elizabeth to please the Catholics. Elizabeth backed down.

Question 22

explain the vestment controversy challenge to the religious settlement

Answer 22

refused to wear the vestments (special clothing worn by clergy). In 1566, 37 Puritan priests resigned after refusing to wear new vestments when ordered.

Question 23

what was the catholic challenge abroad to the religious settlement

Answer 23

The Catholic Church in Europe began a ‘Counter Reformation’ to undo the Protestant changes.
The pope excommunicated Elizabeth in 1570, which could encourage attacks on England from Catholic countries.
Elizabeth backed the Protestants in a religious war in France in 1562.

Question 24

what was the catholic challenge at home to the religious settlement

Answer 24

One third of the English nobility and gentry, particularly in the north and west of England, were recusants (refused to attend church) because they did not agree with the Settlement.
This was encouraged by the pope.
This was a major cause of the Revolt of the Northern Earls (1569-70).

Question 25

why was Mary queen of Scots a problem to Elizabeth

Answer 25

• she was elizabeths 2nd cousin so had a good claim to the thrown
• she was catholic so her claim to the thrown was supported by many English catholics
• she was believed to have been involved in her husbands murder which led to a rebellion in scotland. so Mary fled to England in 1568 and then that made a bigger threat to Elizabeth so she was imprisoned.