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History > Cold war > Flashcards

Cold war Flashcards

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1
Q

what is capitalism

A

an economic system in which private individuals and corporations control the means of production and use them to earn profits.

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2
Q

what is communism

A

an economic and political system based on a one-party government and state ownership of property

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3
Q

what is containment

A

the blocking of another nation’s attempts to spread its influence.

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4
Q

what are satellite states?

A

a country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation

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5
Q

what is the iron curtain?

A

a phrase used by Winston Churchhill in 1946 to describe the imaginary line that separated communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from the countries in Western Europe

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6
Q

what was the Truman doctrine?

A

a U.S policy, announced by President Truman in 1947 - providing economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents

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7
Q

who introduced the Truman Doctrine, and when?

A

President Truman in 1947

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7
Q

when was the phrase iron curtain first used and by who

A

1946 by Winson Churchhill

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8
Q

what is the Marshall plan?

A

a program proposed by Secretary State of George Marshall in 1947 - the U.S supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after ww1

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9
Q

when was the Marshall Plan introduced

A

1947

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10
Q

when did the Berlin airlift take place?

A

1948

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11
Q

what was the Berlin airlift?

A

a 327-day operation in which the U.S and British flew planes dropping food and supplies into west Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948

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12
Q

what does NATO stand for

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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13
Q

what is NATO

A

military alliance created in 1949 made up of 12 non-communist countries including the United States that support each other if attacked

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14
Q

when was NATO created

A

1949

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15
Q

what was the Warsaw Pact?

A

a military alliance formed in 1955 by the soviet union and its Eastern European satellites

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16
Q

when was the Warsaw Pact formed

A

1955

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17
Q

who was Fidel Castro

A

communist dictator of Cuba who came into power in 1959

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18
Q

who was John Kennedy

A

35th president of the United States

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19
Q

what was the bay of pigs

A

a failed operation in April 1961 to overthrow Castro and take over Cuba using Cuban exiles

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20
Q

when did the Bay of pigs occur

A

April 1961

21
Q

what was the Cuban missile crisis?

A

a 13-day period in october 1962 when Soviet nuclear missiles were pointed at the united states of Cuba

22
Q

when did the Cuban missiles crisis occur

A

October 1962

23
Q

what was the Berlin Wall?

A

a concrete wall that separated East Berlin and West Berlin from 1961-1989, built by communist East German government to prevent its citzens from fleeing to the west

24
Q

who was Joseph Stalin

A

a soviet leader following ww2, he died in the middle of the Korean War in 1953

25
Q

who was harry truman

A

33rd president of the United States.

26
Q

what was the Reagan doctrine?

A

the U.S supported freedom fighters who were trying to overthrow communist regimes

27
Q

what was the Potsdam conference?

A

a meeting of allied leaders near Berlin to address issues about the post WW2 Europe

28
Q

when was the Potsdam conference?

A

1945

29
Q

what does SALT stand for

A

strategic arms limitation talks

30
Q

what was the SALT?

A

a pact that served to freeze the numbers of long-range nuclear missiles for 5 years in 1972
this treaty between U.S, china, and soviet union served to slow the arms race that had been going on between these nations since ww2

31
Q

when did SALT happen

A

1972

32
Q

what does ICBM stand for

A

inter-continental ballistic missiles

33
Q

what were ICBM’s

A

long-range nuclear missiles capable of being fired at targets on the other side of the globe

34
Q

who was Nikita Khrushchev

A

a soviet leader from 1955-1964
he was responsible for putting missiles in Cuba

35
Q

what was the domino theory?

A

the idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control

36
Q

what were the united nations?

A

an internal organization formed after WW2 to promote international peace, security, and cooperation

37
Q

what was the limited nuclear test ban treaty?

A

an agreement between US, soviet union, and Great Britain to end the testing of nuclear bombs in the atmosphere or underwater
tried to start tackling climate change, becoming a problem

38
Q

what was the Yalta conference?

A

a 1945 meeting between the U.S president British prime minister, and a society leader to plan for ending the war and the post-war period

39
Q

what was the space race?

A

the competition between the USSR and the USA regarding achievement in the field of space exploration

40
Q

what was the Hungarian uprising

A

in 1956, a spontaneous nationwide revolt against the government of the Hungarian peoples republic and its soviet imposed policies. first major threat to soviet control since the USSR’s forces drove out the Nazis at the end of the cold war

41
Q

when was the Yalta conference?

A

1945

42
Q

when did the Cold War happen

A

1943 to 1991

43
Q

what was Detente

A

the easing of strained relations, especially in political situations

44
Q

what were the baltic states?

A

Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania became part of the soviet union at the end of the war. they were treated as part of the USSR

45
Q

nations were divided after ww2, explain east Germany

A

the part of Germany given to the USSR after the war. in 1949, free electrons were held and announced as a separate country from other zones. it became the communist German democratic republic.

46
Q

why was there an iron curtain

A

it separated capitalism and communism between the East and west. Stalin wanted to keep Germany weak as it had already invaded the USSR twice already. he was trying to prevent Western influence from reaching the West, as it led to a refugee crisis. it brought countries that had been occupied by the Red Army at the end of the war under Soviet control. it was eventually known as a buffer zone

47
Q

how did Stalin secure control of Eastern Europe?

A

any new governments were secure to be communists, they could gradually infiltrate key areas and assume complete control. they would use any means necessary to discredit and frighten opponents

48
Q

how did the marshall plan work

A

it was an attempt to rebuild European economies. it offered grants of 13 billion dollars. The Marshall Plan controlled how Marshall aid would be spent, it promoted capitalism

49
Q

how was Germany governed after the war?

A

it was split into 4 zones between the USSR, USA, Britain, and France

50
Q

what was the Berlin blockade?

A

Stalin ordered that all traffic between West Germany and West Berlin should be stopped. he closed all roads, railways, and canals. he then tried to starve the inhabitants to drive away allies

51
Q

who was in NATO?

A

USA, Great Britain, France, Denmark, Canada, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Iceland, Norway, Italy, Portugal

History (9 decks)

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