Elizabeth - Rebellion Flashcards
When and what was the rebellion?
1569 - Northern Rebellion
What happens in Autumn of 1569?
1569 - Elizabeth summons Northumberland and Westmorland to Court
Westmorland’s tenants assemble near Durham and Northumberland’s troops move to join them
What did the rebels do when they took over Durham?
entered Cathedral where mass is celebrated and tore up Prayer Book
When were the bells rung and what did it symbolise?
9 November - start of rebellion
Where did rebels travel through/capture?
York (did not besiege), Barnard Castle
How did the government react?
Sent Mary from Staffordshire to Coventry and sending a large army to confront rebels
How many rebels were there?
5400
How many soldiers from Elizabeth?
12,000
Why did Earls disband?
Realised they had little support from other nobles, tried to escape to Scotland, Northumberland executed in 1572
What politically caused the rebellion?
Norfolk had considered plan to restore, marry and give children to Mary to succeed Elizabeth
Elizabeth furious - failure led Westmorland to rebel
Second time rising?
1570 by Dacre restarts in Cumberland but destroyed by royal army
What locally caused the rebellion?
Rebels earls had been cut out of northern government
Overlooked when President of Council of North chosen
No influence in court, lost traditional roles
Crown ignored Northumberland’s claims to mineral rights
Religious causes of rebellion?
Westmorland detested Pilkington’s Protestant reforms
Ordinary Catholics angered by reforms
Discrimination of Catholic tenants by Whittingham of Durham
Why was the rebellion a threat?
Demonstrated threat by Catholic nobility
Led to increased suspicion of Catholics
Potential for Mary Queen of Scots
Elizabeth saw threat so execution of many rebels
How many rebels executed?
700
Why was rebellion not a threat?
Far from London
Plot was betrayed before it went underway
Bad timing - took place midwinter
No organisation or defined aims so collapses
Why did the rebellion fail?
Lack of achievable aims
Poor timing - march began before Northumberland had even raised his own tenantry
Support limited in North - away from all centres of power
Elizabeth’s strong intelligence service
