Elizabeth- Drake's Circumnavigation (1577-1580)

Question 1

When were Drake and Hawkins attacked by Spanish and where? How many ships escaped?

Answer 1

San Juan de Ulua- 1568
Only 2 (Drake and Hawkins’) ships escaped

Question 2

When did Drake meet Diego?

Answer 2

1572 when raiding Spanish ships of Panama

Question 3

How was Diego useful to Drake?

Answer 3

• Diego knew the area around the Carribean
• Diego had links to the Cimmarons who were formerly enslaved by the Spanish and would attack Spanish

Question 4

What were the consequences of Drake’s earlier voyages to the Americas in the 1570s?

Answer 4

It made Elizabeth and others keen to fund his explorations

Question 5

What strait was Drake looking for?

Answer 5

The strait of Anian (made up but would link the pacific and the Atlantic)

Question 6

Why did Drake go on his circumnavigation?

Answer 6

• plundering Spanish ships
• establishing new colonies in South America
• finding the Strait of Anian

Question 7

Why would Drake not like the Spanish?

Answer 7

• 1568 San Juan de Ulua
• He was puritan (extreme Protestant)

Question 8

When and where did Drake’s fleet set off from?

Answer 8

Plymouth, 15th November 1577

Question 9

What happened on Drake’s initial leg of his journey?

Answer 9

• His fleet was scattered when off the coast of Brazil
• his relationship became strained with his co-commander Thomas Doughty
• Doughty was sentenced to death by beheading on 2nd July 1578

Question 10

What happened that someone attempted to take Drake to court over in England?

Answer 10

Drake’s execution of Thomas Doughty- his brother John accused Drake of illegaly executing Thomas

Question 11

What did Drake accidentally discover?

Answer 11

Drake’s Passage between Cape Horn and Antarctica

Question 12

What was the only ship that Drake was left with when sailing up the Pacific Coast of South America?

Answer 12

The Golden Hind

Question 13

Where did Drake hear about the Nuestra Signora de la Concepcion?

Answer 13

In a lighning raid on Callao (the port of Lima)

Question 14

How was Drake’s journey up the Pacific Coast of South America?

Answer 14

• raided ports and towns
• captured Spanish ships and maps up Valparaiso along with their more accurate navigation charts
• a ship carrying silver at Arica
• at Mocha island the indigenous Mapuche people had resisted Spanish attempts to conquer their land- Drake and Diego were wounded here
• heard about the Nustra Signora de la Concepcion during a lightning raid on Callao (the port of Lima)

Question 15

How much money did Drake get from the Nuestra Signora de la Concepcion?

Answer 15

£480 million in modern money
Took 6 days to move across to his boat

Question 16

What happened to Maria?

Answer 16

Maria was picked up off the coast oof modern day Guatamala in April 1579 , sexually abused and raped by Drake’s crew before being abandonned, heavily pregnant, on a wooded island in Indonesia in December 1579.

Question 17

When did Drake return? How many members of his crew remained?

Answer 17

26th September 1580, 59 members of his crew remaining

Question 18

What did Elizabeth do about Drake?

Answer 18

• Philip II demanded Drake’s execution
• Many of Elizabeth’s Court wouldn’t accept the treasure from Drake as they were, “stolen”
• She knighted him aboard his ship with the French ambassador present