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Elizabeth Flashcards

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1
Q

What year was the religious settlement?

A

1559

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2
Q

What year was the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

A

1569-70

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3
Q

What year was the Ridolfi Plot?

A

1571

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4
Q

What year was the Throckmorton Plot?

A

1583

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5
Q

What year was the Babington Plot?

A

1586

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6
Q

What year was Mary’s execution?

A

1587

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7
Q

What year was the Spanish Armada?

A

1588

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8
Q

What year was the failure of Roanoke?

A

1585

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9
Q

Give 2 things Parliament did.

A
  • Approve taxes
  • Pass lawsG
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10
Q

Give 2 things Privy Council did.

A
  • Advised Elizabeth
  • Monitor others jobs
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11
Q

Give 2 things towns watchmen did.

A
  • Patrol and inform
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12
Q

Give 3 of Elizabeth’s main problems coming to the throne

A
  • Legitimacy
  • Religion
  • Gender
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13
Q

Who begun the Protestant reformation?

A

Martin Luther

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14
Q

Why did Martin Luther oppose Catholicism as he knew it?

A
  • Didn’t like how priests took advantage of claiming your going ot heaven unless you pay, wanted the bible to be central authoirty
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15
Q

Give 2 of financial problems Elizabeth had coming to the throne

A
  • Coins devalued in gold and silver
  • Crown in debt by £300,000 - needed to pay her followers
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16
Q

How did Elizabeth solve financial problems?

A
  • Sold Crown lands and hoarded money
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17
Q

Give 2 of the Acts in the Religious Settlement

A
  • Act of Supremacy - Elizabeth supreme govener of church of england - all clergy swear oath of allegiance
  • Act of Uniformity - Appearance of churches and how run
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18
Q

How many out of 10,000 accepted the Religious Settlement?

A

8,000

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19
Q

Whats a Puritan?

A

Radical Protestant who wants to purify church of what isn’t in the Bible

20
Q

Give 2 things Puritans wanted

A
  • Free church - not ran by monarch, simpler services
  • Ban sinful activities - gambling, cock fighting
21
Q

What was the Counter Reformation?

A

Containment of Protestantism, 1566

22
Q

1/3 of Catholics did what in private?

A

Catholic pratices - Recusant

23
Q

Why was Mary a threat?

A

Religion
Legitimacy
Ties to France - Married Francis 2nd - Marries Lord Durnley in Scotland - Murdered mysteriously - Marries Earl of Bothwell - Imprisoned

24
Q

Who were the main guys in the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

A

Thomas Percy - Earl of Northumberland
Charles Neville - Earl of Westmoreland
Thomas Howard - Duke of Norfolk

25
Q

What did the Northern Earls want to do?

A

Turn England Catholic, found it unfair their power was decreasing after years of being important figures

26
Q

What was the plan of the Northern Earls?

A
  • Howard marries Mary, Dispose Elizabeth
  • ‘Mass will be said all over the country’ - Catholic
    Robert Dudley finds out, Norfolk arrested
27
Q

What did Northern Earls reveal?

A
  • Mary and Catholics untrustworthy
28
Q

What was the Ridolfi Plot?

A
  • Ridolfi - spy for pope and Italian Banker
  • Kill Elizabeth - Spanish invade (Phillip prepares 10,000 troops) - Mary queen + marries Duke of Norfolk
  • Cecil finds out, Norfolk executed 1572
29
Q

What was the Throckmorton Plot?

A
  • Make England Catholic again
  • Francis Throckmorton passed letter between Mary and plotters + Duke of Guise
  • Phillip provided troops and money
  • Walsingham found out, arrested, executed Throckmorton
30
Q

What was the Babington Plot?

A
  • France and Spain Invades England, kill Elizabeth, Mary queen
  • Anthony Babington passed letters through beer barrels, Walsingham finds out
  • Hung, drawn, quartered
31
Q

What meant most of these plots?

A
  • Mary untrustworthy
  • Catholics untrustworthy
  • Spain threat
32
Q

What was the religious tension with Spain?

A
  • Mary 1st had Catholic ties with Phillip - felt threatened when Elizabeth announced Protestantism
  • Dutch who were in Phillips Holy Roman Empire since 1400’s move to England - Duke of Alba hangs 5000
  • England secretly supported Dutch
33
Q

What was the commercial tension with Spain?

A
  • Spain took over Mexico and Peru - provided tobacco and gold
  • Francis Drake circumnavigated world - discovered lands
  • Francis 2nd wouldn’t allow trade in Americas without license - didn’t give Elizabeth
  • Merchants raid Spanish colonies and ships
  • Knights Francis Drake
34
Q

What was the Spanish Armada’s plan?

A
  • Armada sails up English channel - Meet Duke of Palma - Land army in Netherlands - Attack London - Kill Queen - Catholic Queen
  • 130 ships, 2431 guns, crescent fomration
35
Q

What ended up happening for the Armada?

A
  • First sighting July 29th
  • Battle of Plymouth - Armada fired with cannons Aug 1st
  • Spanish outgunned by England Aug 3rd
  • English attack Spanish in Netherlands awaiting supplies - scattered - Aug 8th
36
Q

Give 3 reasons England won the Armada.

A
  • Poor weather - storms when Armada pulled out to North Sea made 3 quarters of original missing
  • Poor leadership - No communication between Duke of Palma or Midona Sidonia + lack of supplies - food rotted + panic
  • English actions - Tactics equipment - smaller quicker ships, cannons reload quick
37
Q

What percentage of ELizabethans could read and write?

A

15%

38
Q

What education did the wealthy recieve?

A

Private tutor - Boys sent to noble families to learn skills

39
Q

What education did the middle class recieve?

A

Parish school - Funded by church

40
Q

What did wealthy do for freetime?

A

Fishing, fencing, real tennis, reading

41
Q

What did the poor do for freetime?

A

Wrestling, football, betting on animal fights

42
Q

What did both classes so for freetime?

A

Music, plays

43
Q

What caused poverty?

A

Population increased by 50%
40% children claimed poor relief
Prices rose

44
Q

Why did Francis Drake explore?

A

New technology + trade

45
Q

Explain the Francis Drake expedition in 1577

A
  • Golden Hind sets off - storms abandoned other 4 ships - raided Spanish colonies, returned with huge treasure - knighted in 1581 - trade becomes easier, angered Spain
46
Q

Why did England want Roanoke?

A
  • Easier to invade Spanish colonies
  • Could grow sugar and tobacco, make huge profit in trading
47
Q

Give 3 reasons why Roanoke failed

A
  • Elizabeth prepared for war with Spain - not enough ships to re-supply colonists
    -Colonists unprepared -Soldiers lacked skills to live on land with, rich landowners lacked physical strength for manual labour + too late to plant crops
  • Poor leadership - Gremville sailor - bad temper - alienated a tribe for a missing silver cup -burnt

History (13 decks)

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