Cold War (Early tensions - pages 1-4) Flashcards
When was the Grand Alliance created? (pg1)
1941
What was the Grand Alliances formation known as? (pg1)
A ‘Marriage of Convenience’
When was the Tehran conference? (pg1)
November-December 1943
What was agreed at Tehran (1st)? Give 3 agreements. (pg1)
- USSR would declare war on Japan after Germany defeat
- Britain and USA agree to invade Nazi occupied Europe
- International body set up to settle future disputes (outline for UN)
When was the Yalta conference? (pg1)
February 1945
What was agreed at Yalta conference? Give 3 agreements. (pg1)
- Germany to be divided, demilitarised and to pay reparations
- Europe would have democratic elections
- United Nations set up
When was the Potsdam Conference? (pg1)
July-August 1945
What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference? Give 3 agreements. (pg1)
- Council of Foreign Ministers set up to organise the rebuilding of Europe
- Nazi Party banned
- Germany divided into 4 zones of occupation ran by France, Britain, USA and USSR
What order are the three Conferences? (pg1)
Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam
What was the outcome of the three conferences? (pg1)
- Tension was increasing due to the Grand Alliances differences (ideologically and nuclear)
- After Roosevelt’s death, Truman become President - he was very distrustful of Stalin
Why wasn’t Britain involved in the Superpowers post WW2? (pg 2)
Britain was financially exhausted after the war, and couldn’t afford to stand up to the Soviet Union, becoming a US ally instead
What gave the US a huge military advantage? (pg 2)
The atomic bomb they dropped on Japan (to end WW2)
What’s ideology? (pg 3)
A set of political beliefs on how society should be run
Why did US and USSR tensions increase? (pg 3)
They had different ideology and no common enemy anymore, along with the atomic bomb
What did Capitalist countries say Communism did? And what was Capitalism based on? (pg 3)
Communism ‘enslaved people to the state’.
Capitalism was based on democracy and freedom
What did Communist countries say Capitalist did? And what was Communism based on? (pg 3)
Capitalism ‘exploited workers to make the rich richer’.
Communism was based on fairness
When were the Telegrams written? (pg 3)
1946
What did the Long Telegram state about the USSR? Give 3 things. (pg 3)
- USSR saw capitalism as a threat to communism that had to be destroyed
- USSR is building its military power
- Peace between these superpowers was impossible
What did the Novikov Telegram state about the US? Give 3 things. (pg 3)
- US wanted world domination
- USSR was the only country left able to stand up to the US
- US was preparing for war with the Soviet Union
Between what years did the satellite states develop Communist rule? (pg 4)
1947-1949
At Yalta and Potsdam, USSR agreed to democratic elections, did they stick to this? (pg 4)
No, they were rigged to ensure the Communist Party won.
They even shut down the opposition (known as ‘salami tactics’)
