Element 4 Check Flashcards
Monitoring terminology
Measurements - qualitative or quantitative
Monitoring - collecting measurements or observations
Auditing - structured process of collecting independent info on efficiency, effectiveness and reliability of SMS and plans for corrective action
Reviewing - making judgements on adequacy of performance
Active monitoring
monitor effectiveness of RCS’s and management arrangements, giving leading indicators of performance
Audits, inspections, environmental monitoring etc, health surveillance
Reactive monitoring
monitor accidents, ill lhealth etc
Why monitor and review?
Id substandard practices Id trends Compare actual performance with targets Benchmarking v industry norm Evaluating existing controls and making decisions on addressing deficiencies Id new risks Assessing compliance with legal regs Relevant info to board Maintaining external accreditation ISO45001
Inspections
Legal requirement
More frequent for higher risks .e.g. pre-use checks on mobile plant
Determining frequency of inspections?
accident history
level of risk
type of workers
legal requirements e.g. prressure vessels, lifts, cranes
recommendations from RA or investigations
Scheduled
Checklist Pros
Ensures prep and planning ensures a degree of consistency less likely to miss issues easily adapted immediate record of findings easy to compare
Checklist Cons
may be overly rigid
needs regular review to stay curent
tendency to just tick the boxes
Effective Report Writing
Introduction - scope of inspection
Discussion - highlight risks, breaches, consequences
Conclusions - summarise key issues
Recommendations - action plan with priorities and timescales
Executive summary - inserted at beginning of report
Reactive Monitoring
Injuries and ill health Damage to property Incidents, near misses Complaints by workers Enforcement actions Civil claims Costs arising
Accident
Undesired event that results in injury, damage etc
Near miss/incident
Undesired event that had potential to cause injury etc
Accident triangles
Show the outcome from an event can be dependent on luck, therefore learn from the event, not the outcome.
Domino theory
Accidents result from a chain of sequential events. When one happens it triggers the next one. Stop one event to prevent accident
Root causes
management, planning, organisational failures e.g failure to identify training needs
Underlying causes
Unsafe acts/conditions e.g. guard removed, LEV off
Direct causes
The angent of injury e.g. the blade, the dust etc
Multi-causality theories
Works down from top event (the accident) to identify immediate, underlying and root causes.
e.g. 5 whys
Why investigate?
Learn from and id deficiencies Legal requirement Civil action requires full disclosure Insurance company will require it Employee morale
Response to an Accident
Higher the risk level the more thorough the investigation
Emergency response
Initial report - at scene
Initial assessment and response
Who should conduct investigation?
Team with managers and employees.
Detailed knowledge required
familiar with good practice, legal requirements
skills, time, resources and authority
Invesigation Process
1 Gathering info
Time Location Detailsof people activities being done working conditions known risk or not? SSoW? Competence workplace layout Safety equipment used/available understand chain of events documents - RAs, PTWs, training etc Witness Interviews - open questions, don't blame
Invesigation Process
2 Analysing the Info
Many methods e.g. 5 whys
Invesigation Process
3 Identifying suitable Risk Control measures
Suitable measures proposed
Prioritise if multiple measures
New measures suitable for other, similar areas?
Invesigation Process
4 Action Plan and Implementation
SMART objectives with management backing
RIDDOR definition
Main purpose
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurences Regs 2013
Alert to individual events
Provide data for trend analysis
Enables targeting of resources and planning of initiatives
What does RIDDOR require?
Responsible person to follow reporting procedure in event of specified events
Quickest practicable means. Form F2508 within 10 days
RIDDOR specified events
Deaths
Specified Injuries
Over 7 day injuries (off work for more than 7 consecutive days
Person not at work injured by work related accident
Some work related diseases
Dangerous Occurences
RIDDOR specified injuries
Bone fracture other than finger, thumb, toe
Amputation
Permanent blinding
Crush injury to head or torso
Burn injury covering 10% of body or causing significant damage to eyes, respiratory or vital organs
Any degree of scalping
Loss of consciousness caused by head injuryor asphyxia
Any injury from working in enclosed space which: leads to hypothermia or heat induced illness; or requires resuscitation
RIDDOR Reportable Occupational Diseases
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cramp in hand or forearm Occupational dermatitis Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome Occupational asthma Tendonitis or tenosynovitis cancer Any disease attributed to biological agent
RIDDOR Dangerous Occurences
Failure of any load-bearing part of lifting equipment
Failure of any pressurised vessels/pipework
Equipment coming into contact with electric lines
BA malfunctions
Collapse of scaffold over 5m
Collision with train vehicle
Accident Incident Rate (AIR)
No defined accidents in period/ave no employed x 1000
Accident Frequency Rate (AFR)
No defined accidents in period/total hours workedx100000
