Electronegativity

Question 1

What is electronegativity?

Answer 1

An atom’s ability to attract the electron pair in a covalent bond

Question 2

What happens to electronegativity across a period?

Answer 2

Increases as nuclear charge increases

Question 3

What happens to electronegativity down a group?

Answer 3

Decreases as shielding increases

Question 4

What are the exceptions to the trend in electronegativity?

Answer 4

Hydrogen - has same electronegativity as carbon

Noble gases - ignore them

Question 5

The higher the value in the Pauling scale?

Answer 5

The more electronegative the atom is

Question 6

What makes a bond polar?

Answer 6

A difference in electronegativity between two atoms, resulting in a dipole

Question 7

What difference in Pauling scale values is needed for a bond to be polar?

Answer 7

More than 0.5

Question 8

How are polar bonds represented?

Answer 8

Partial charges or vectors (arrow from +ve to -ve)

Question 9

How do you compare the strength of polar bonds/ dipoles?

Answer 9

The larger the difference in electronegativities, the stronger the dipole, the more polar the bond

Length of vectors - the longer the vector, the stronger the dipole, the mole polar the bond