ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Question 1

3 stages of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 1

1. acetyl-coa production
2. acetyl-coa oxidation
3. etc and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 2

electron donors of ETC

Answer 2

NADH (Complex I)
Succinate (complex II)
ubiquinol (complex III)

Question 3

electron acceptors of ETC

Answer 3

UBIQUINONE
CYTOCHROME C
OXYGEN

Question 4

3 types of electron transport

Answer 4

1. direct
2. transfer as a hydrogen atom
3. transfer as hydride ion which holds 2 electrons

Question 5

4 mobile carriers of electrons

Answer 5

Heme b
Heme c1
Ubiquinol
Cytochrome c

Question 6

endergonic rxns in ETC (against gradient)

Answer 6

complex I (4 PROTONS)
complex III (4 PROTONS)
complex IV (2 PROTONS)

Question 7

NADH binds and donates 2 electrons to FMN, FMN passes them one at a time to FeS, FeS puts them on ubiquinone, makes 1 ATP

Answer 7

Complex I

Question 8

passes electrons from succinate to ubiquinone through FADH2 and FeS, doesn’t make enough energy to make ATP, NOT A PROTON PUMP

Answer 8

Complex II

Question 9

Transfers 1 electron at a time to ubiquinone to cytochrome c, pumps 4 protons from matrix to intermembrane

Answer 9

Complex III

Question 10

Proteins with heme as their prosthetic group, water soluble and carries 1 electron at a time
4 N containing rings around Fe

Answer 10

cytochromes

Question 11

target complex for inhibition, pumps 2 protons from matrix to intermembrane space, most exergonic complex at -110kJ/mol

Answer 11

complex IV

Question 12

Inhibitor of complex I

Answer 12

riboflavin

Question 13

inhibitor of complex II

Answer 13

malonate

Question 14

inhibitor of complex III

Answer 14

antimycin A

Question 15

inhibitor of complex IV

Answer 15

cyanide, KCN, CO

Question 16

Multiple complexes associated together to form a “super complex” contains all 4 complexes and 6 molecules of CoQ

Answer 16

respirasome

Question 17

4 inhibitors of respiratory chain

Answer 17

Rotenone (complex I)
malonate (complex II)
antimycin A (complex III)
cyanide (Complex IV)

Question 18

Proteins involved in ATP synthesis

Answer 18

adenine nucleotide translocase, ATP synthase, phosphate translocase

Question 19

what converts energy stored in electrochemical potential to the mechanical energy of ATP synthase rotation into ATP energy

Answer 19

Coupling process

Question 20

what is the coupling factor?

Answer 20

ATP synthase

Question 21

which proton channel in atp synthase is embedded in the inner membrane?

Answer 21

Fo

Question 22

which proton channel in atp synthase has ATPase activity?

Answer 22

F1

Question 23

How many protons does it take to make 1 ATP in ATP synthase?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

what blocks ATP synthase?

Answer 24

oligomycin

Question 25

what blocks ADP/ATP antiporter?

Answer 25

Atractyloside

Question 26

what are the levels of ATP, ADP, NADH and NAD+ in the RESTING state of ATP production regulation?

Answer 26

ATP-HIGH
ADP-LOW
NADH-HIGH
NAD+-LOW

Question 27

What are the levels of ATP, ADP, NADH and NAD+ in the ACTIVE state of ATP production regulation?

Answer 27

ATP-LOW
ADP-HIGH
NADH-LOW
NAD+-HIGH
(Its just the opposite of the resting state)