Electrolytes

Question 1

Hypernatremia

Answer 1

135-145

Question 2

CAUSES

Answer 2

HighSalt
Hypercortisolism ( cushings)
Hyperventilation ( over production of aldosterone) retains Na
Increased intake of Na ( oral or IV)
GI feeding without adequate water supplementation
Hypertonic solutions ( 3%)
Sodium excretion decreased ( corticosteroids) body retains Na and drugs that retain Na

Aldosterone problems ( reabsorbtion of sodium)
loss of fluids ( dehydrated) fever, sweating
Thirst impairment ( elderly )

Question 3

S/S hypernatremia

Answer 3

FRIED
Fever, flushed skin
Restless, really agitated
Increased fluid retention
Edema, extremely confused
Decreased urine output
Dry mouth

Question 4

Role of Na

Answer 4

helps regulate water inside and outside to the cell

Question 5

What is happening inside the cell during hypernatremia

Answer 5

it shriking

Question 6

Nursing Interventions

Answer 6

Restrict Na intake
Patient safety; confused and agitated call light near nurses station etc
MD may order hypo or iso IV solution ( 0.45% NS)
give slowly risk for CEREBRAL EDEMA)
Educate about diet and S/S of increased Na level