Electrolysis Flashcards
Electrolysis
Chemical decomposition by passing an electrical current through a liquid or solution containing ions
Elecctrolyte
A liquid or geel that can be decomposed by electrolysis
Electrode
A conductor through which electricity leaves or enters
Oxidation
The loss of electrons
Reduction
The gain of electrons
Oxidising agent
A substance causing oxidation
Reducing agent
A substance causing reduction
Electrolysis of water :
- Hydrogen to cathode (negative) and double the amount as oxygen
- Oxygen to anode (positive)
- Test for H is Pop test
- Test for O is relighting a glowing splint
Red cat
An Ox
- Reduction at Cathode
- Anode is where Oxidation occurs
Which species will go to the anode and cathode?
- Positive ions go to cathode
- negative ions to anode
Anode
- The species closest to 0.00 volts will be oxidised
- Water will be preferentially oxidised as to polyatomic ions
- Negative ions are oxidised (negative Volt values)
Cathode
- The species closest to 0.00 Volts will be reduced
- Water will be preferentially reduced as to polyatomic ions
- Positive ions are reduces (positive Volt values)
Observation
- talk about what relatively forms at the anode or cathode (eg. Metal forming)
Identity
- talk about what exactly forms at the cathode or anode (eg. Zinc)
Hydrocarbons
- compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen
Homologues series
a series or similar compounds with the same functional group - differing only in chain length
Functional group
an atom of group of atoms that form the centre of chemical activity in a molecule
Saturated compund
a compound in which all bonds are single bonds
Unsaturated compound
a compound in which there is at least 1 or 2 double or triple bonds
carbon bonds
strong covalent bonds that can form single, triple or double bonds
- carbon the basic building block or all organic compounds that recycle through the earth’s air, water, soil and living organims
Naming, single bond
- Alkane group
- ## Number of carbons will name the prefix of the ane
Prefix names
1 = meth- 2 = eth- 3 = prop- 4 = but- 5 = pent- 6 = hex 7 = hept- 8 = oct- 9 = dec- 10 = dodec-
naming, double bond
- Alkene
- number of carbons will name the prefix of ene
naming, triple bond
- Alkyne
- number of carbons will name the prefix or yne
alcohols
- hydroxyl group
- carbon bonded to hydroxide
Haloalkanes (halogenoalkanes)
- where x is F, Cl, Br, I
Carboxylic acids
- carboxyl group
- carbon which is bonded to a hydroxide molecule and double bonded to oxygen
