Acids and Bases Flashcards
1
Q
Acid
A
- a proton donor
2
Q
Base
A
- a proton acceptor
3
Q
ionisation
A
- the reaction of a molecular substance with water to produce ions
4
Q
strong acid
A
- an acid that ionises completely in an aqueous solution.
5
Q
weak acid
A
- an acid that ionises partially in an aqueous solution
6
Q
polyprotic acids
A
- being able to donate more than one proton
7
Q
dissociation
A
- the splitting of an ionic compound into its ions
8
Q
strong base
A
- a base that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution
9
Q
weak base
A
- a base that only dissociates/ionises partially in an aqueous solution
10
Q
weak base salts
A
- metal carbonates
- metal hydrogen carbonates
11
Q
amphoteric substance
A
- a substance that can act as either a base or an acid
12
Q
salt
A
- a substance in which the hydrogen of an acid has been replaced by a cation
13
Q
hydrolisis
A
- a reaction of a salt ion with water
14
Q
neutralisation / equivalence point
A
- the point where an acid and a base have reacted so neither is in excess
15
Q
standard solution
A
- a solution of known concentration that is unlikely to change for a period of time
16
Q
strong acids
- hydrochloric acid
- sulphuric acid
- nitric acid
A
- HCl
- H2SO4
- HNO3
17
Q
Strong bases
- potassium hydroxide
- sodium hydroxide
- lithium hydroxide
A
- KOH
- NaOH
- LiOH
18
Q
weak acids
- hydrofluoric acid
- phosphoric acid
- sulphurous acid
- ethanoic acid
A
- HF
- H3PO4
- H2SO3
- CH3COOH
19
Q
weak bases
- ammonia
- ammonium hydroxide
- calcium hydroxide
A
- NH3
- NH4OH
- Ca(OH)2
20
Q
Ka / Kb
A
= [products] / [reactants]
21
Q
acid + active metal
A
- salt + hydrogen gas
22
Q
acid + metal oxide
A
- salt + water
23
Q
acid + metal hydroxide
A
- salt + water
24
Q
acid + metal carbonate
A
- salt + water + carbon dioxide
25
Q
titration
A
- (Ca)(Va) / (Cb)(Vb) = a / b
