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Science Sec 4 > Electricity (definitions) > Flashcards

Electricity (definitions) Flashcards

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1
Q

Electricity

A

the presence and flow of electric charge(+,-)

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2
Q

Electricity examples

A
  • Toaster
  • Lights
  • Microwave
  • Chargers
  • TV
  • Shower
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3
Q

Proton

A

Symbol= p+
Charge=+1
Mass= 1(.007) amu
Location= nucleus

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4
Q

Neuton

A

Symbol= n^o
Charge= no charge
Mass= 1(.008) amu
Location= nucleus

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5
Q

Electron

A

Symbol= e-
Charge= -1
Mass= 1/1832 p+ amu
Location= orbits/sheets/E levels

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6
Q

Charge

A

Electrons are free to move under the influence of an outside force (f(N)) either physical or electrical

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7
Q

Electrons loosely = conductors such as…

A
  • All metals (some conduct less than others)
    Carbon in the form of graphite (pencil)
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8
Q

Electrons tightly= insulators such as…

A

-Glass
- Plastic
- Wood

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9
Q

Static Electricity

A
  • Excess electrons(elec E) near atom= negative charge
  • Too few electrons(elec E) near atom= positive charge
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10
Q

Voltage

A
  • The E that the charges in the backpacks of the electrons have
  • Symbol= V
    -Unit= V(volts)
  • Aka= Potential Difference, Just potential, EMFC
  • Huges circuit
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11
Q

Current

A

-The amount of charge that flows past an ammeter per second
- Symbol=I
-Unit= A(amps)
- Attached in the circuit (counter)

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12
Q

Resistance

A
  • A measure of how hard it is for elec I to move along a conductor
    -Symbol= R
  • Unit= Ω
  • Hurtle: makes difficult for electrons to pass
    *no conductor=perfect + no insulator=perfect (all materials put up some resistance to e- flowing)
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13
Q

Ohms Law

A

as you increase V(turn dial on PS) the I increases

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14
Q

Direct Current

A

an elec I in which the e- are continuously moving in the same direction (ex: toys) new e- keep streaming

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15
Q

Altering Current

A

e- constantly reverse direction about 50-60times per sec=frequency (ex:bigger appliances, stove) old e- whiz back and forth

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16
Q

Power

A
  • the rate at which E is transformed from one form to another
  • how fast generated/used
    -Unit= W(watts)
17
Q

pieces of a LB

A
  • Glass= lets light through
  • Filament= long skinny piece of metal
  • Metal at bottom= conduct
18
Q

How to read resistor

A
  • first colour = #
  • second colour = #
  • third colour = multiplier (x10^?)
  • fourth colour = tolerance/% you are allowed to be off by
19
Q

Electricity

A
  • Material Used= copper, conductors, alloids
  • Power of current= P–>I (high)
  • Size of circuit= normal
20
Q

Electronics

A

Material Used= semi-conductors (ex:Si + Ge)
- Power of current= p–>I (low)
- Size of circuit= miniature

21
Q

Power Supply

A

the EF performed by a component that can generate or supply elec E

22
Q

Conduction

A

EF performed by any component that can transmit elec I from one part of the circuit to another

23
Q

Insulation

A

EF performed by any component that prevents an elec I from flowing

24
Q

Protection

A

EF performed by any component that can automaticlt cut current flow in the event of a power surge

25
Q

Control

A

EF performed by any component that can open and close a circuit (switch)

26
Q

Transformation of E

A

EF performed by any component that can convert elec E–> diff. form of E

27
Q

Printed circuit

A

elec circuit printed on a solid support called a circuit board

28
Q

Resistor

A

component designed to resist the flow of e- through an elec circuit

29
Q

Fuse

A
  • EF=protection
  • elec I crosses fuse through conductive filament –> I = too high the filament melts
  • blowing a fuse
30
Q

Breaker

A
  • EF= protection
    -I passes through bi-metalic strip
  • If I exceeds certain lvl strip–> hot–> expands –> separates
  • open circuit= 0 flow
31
Q

Battery

A
  • EF=PS
  • appliances have batteries= portable
  • Must be replaced
  • Throwing out –> pollution
32
Q

Electrical Outlet

A
  • EF=PS
  • Stable
  • Long Lasting
  • Very little GHGs emitted by hydro QC
  • Flooding of land when dame constructed
  • Cant move far from outlet
  • stoppages due to weather(storms)
33
Q

Photovoltaic Cell /Solar Panels

A
  • can be used in isolated areas
  • can power portable or mobile devices
  • no GHG(when used)
  • long life span(20-30 years)
    -expensive
  • doesn’t work without sun
34
Q

Closed circuit

A

elec I is flowing

35
Q

open circuit

A

no flow of elec I

36
Q

Types of switches

A
  • Rocker
  • Toggle
  • Push Button
    -Magnetic Contact
37
Q

piezo electrical crystal

A

EE–> ME

38
Q

4 factors

A

1) Type or Nature of the Wire
2) Cross-sectional area(gauge)
3)Length of Wire
4) Temperature of the Wire

39
Q

laws

A
  • ↑gauge = ↓conductivity
  • ↑thinkness= ↑conductivity
  • ↑Wire length= ↓conductivity
  • ↑T= ↓conductivity

Science Sec 4 (29 decks)

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