Electrical Stimulation and Muscle Contraction

Question 1

Muscle Re-education

Answer 1

prevents atrophy, helps a spasm relax and helps control edema

Question 2

___________________ after surgery is the primary reason for using electrical stimulation for muscle re-education

Answer 2

muscle inhibition

Question 3

arthrogenic muscle inhibition

Answer 3

when a muscle can’t contract, but it’s not a problem within the muscle, it’s a problem within the joint
- the joint and CNS are trying to protect you from further injury

Question 4

Normal joint moves close to _____ degrees/seconds

Answer 4

1000

Question 5

Estim can increase isokinetic strength at specific speeds

Answer 5

65 degrees/second

Question 6

Only use ______ when patient is struggling to contract on their own

Answer 6

NMES

Question 7

Muscle Re-education: Frequency

Answer 7

2500 to 5000 Hz

Question 8

Muscle Re-education: Beat Frequency

Answer 8

30 to 60 pps

Question 9

Muscle Re-education: Intensity

Answer 9

Visible muscle contraction

Question 10

Muscle Re-education: Ramp

Answer 10

1:5 (20%) at first, then 1:3 (30%), then 1:2 (50%)

Question 11

Muscle Re-education: Treatment time

Answer 11

15 to 20 minutes

Question 12

Muscle Re-education: Electrode placement

Answer 12

bipolar - over motor points if possible

Question 13

motor points

Answer 13

general area where the motor nerve generates the muscle; shoot for midline/mid belly of the muscle

Question 14

Goal with e-stim is to break the ___________ cycle

Answer 14

pain-spasm-pain

Question 15

E-stim for muscle spasm

Answer 15

induce a strong contraction to help break up a contraction or muscle spasm

Question 16

goal is to induce involuntary _____ contraction

Answer 16

tetanic

Question 17

Muscle Spasm Contraindications

Answer 17

acute injury

local instability - fracture

Question 18

Muscle Spasm: Electrode placement

Answer 18

bipolar, traget motor points or trigger points

Question 19

Muscle Spasm: Pulse rate

Answer 19

50 to 60 pps

Question 20

Muscle Spasm: Intensity

Answer 20

visible (steady) contraction

Question 21

Muscle Spasm: Duty cycle

Answer 21

10 seconds on, 10 seconds off (1:1)

Question 22

Muscle Spasm: Ramp

Answer 22

1 to 2 seconds on, 1 to 2 seconds off

Question 23

Muscle Spasm: Treatment time

Answer 23

10 to 20 minutes

Question 24

E-stim for Edema reduction

Answer 24

creates “pump” for moving the edema, agonist contraction followed by an antagonist contraction

Question 25

Edema Reduction: Gentle contraction

Answer 25

1 to 10 pps

Question 26

Edema Reduction: if pain not worsened by e-stim

Answer 26

30 to 50 pps

Question 27

Edema Reduction: Intensity

Answer 27

visible contraction

Question 28

Agonist contraction for __________ seconds then relax, followed by antagonist contraction for ________ seconds

Answer 28

5 to 10; 5 to 10

Question 29

high-volt pulse current (HVPC)

Answer 29

decrease capillary permeability Monophasic negative charge evidence only in animals

Question 30

HVPC (sensory) for acute edema: Frequency

Answer 30

120 pps

Question 31

HVPC (sensory) for acute edema: Intensity

Answer 31

sensory only, no contracion

Question 32

HVPC (sensory) for acute edema: Polarity

Answer 32

cathode (negative) over injured tissue

Question 33

HVPC (sensory) for acute edema: Treatment time

Answer 33

4 x 30 minutes with 60 minutes rest intervals

Question 34

For chronic injuries put the ________ pad over the injury

Answer 34

postive

Question 35

For acute injuries put the _________ pad over the injury

Answer 35

negative

Question 36

Russian Electrical Stimulation

Answer 36

Dr. Yajov Kots first introduced around the Olympics Type II muscle fiber recruitment

Question 37

Russian: Frequency

Answer 37

2500 Hz

Question 38

Russian: Amplitude

Answer 38

muscle contraction

Question 39

Russian: Frequency

Answer 39

30 to 60 ps

Question 40

Russian: Burst duty cycle

Answer 40

50%

Question 41

Russian: on/off duty cycle

Answer 41

1:5

Question 42

Russian: Treatment

Answer 42

10/50/10

Question 43

Biphasic for Contraction: Freqency

Answer 43

1 to 200 pps

Question 44

Biphasic for Contraction: Pase duration

Answer 44

20 to 300 μsec

Question 45

Biphasic for Contraction: Intrapulse interval

Answer 45

~ 100 μsec

Question 46

Biphasic for Contraction: Intensity

Answer 46

contraction

Question 47

Biphasic for Contraction: Burst duty cycle

Answer 47

1:5, 1:3

Question 48

Biphasic for Contraction: Ramp

Answer 48

1 to 3 seconds

Question 49

The lower the frequency, the _______ the pulse duration

Answer 49

higher

Question 50

The higher the frequency, the _______ the pulse duration

Answer 50

lower