electrical quantities Flashcards

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1
Q

how to charge a negative rod by friction

A

rub a rod with cloth- negative electrons will move from the cloth to the rod- cloth becomes positive and

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2
Q

non metals can be charged by what

A

friction

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3
Q

to protons or electrons move

A

electrons

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4
Q

neutral objects are attracted or repuled to charged objects

A

atrracted

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5
Q

positive point field lines

A

away from point

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6
Q

negative point field lines

A

towards point

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7
Q

uniform electric field field lines

A

towards negatuve plate

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8
Q

how to charge by induction

A

1) uncharged metal sphere on a insulator
2) charged rod close to sphere
3) earth the metal- neelectrons neutralize + charges
4) remove earth connection

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9
Q

what is electric current

A

the rate of flow of charge

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10
Q

formula of current

A

current= charge/time

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11
Q

why are metals good conducters of electricity

A

because theyr have free electrons which are free to move and carry a charge

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12
Q

what is a non metal that conducts

A

graphite carbon

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13
Q

what are examples of insulators

A

water

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14
Q

how does temperature effect current

A

the bigger the temperature the flow of current decreases and resistance increases becuse electrons are harder to move with more metal ions collding

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15
Q

what is potential difference or “voltage”

A

p.d pushes electrons and gives them energy to move around a circuit
work done by a unit of charge passing by a component
p.d= work/charge

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16
Q

the cells in series adds uo to the total

A

p.d (e.m.f)

17
Q

what is resistance

A

the opposition to the flow of current
resistance=p.d/current

18
Q

what is conventional current

A

the flow of electrons

19
Q

what is electromotive force

A

the electrical work done by a souce in moving unit charge around a complete cirasuit

20
Q

emf formula

A

e=w work/ charge

21
Q

what do electrical circuit do

A

they transfer energy from a source of electrical energy like cells or a main supply to the circuit components eg: lamps and then to the surroundings as heat

22
Q

electrical power supplied by cells= …..

A

total power udes by circuit components

23
Q

what is power

A

power is the rate of doing work (changing energy)
power= energy change/ time
or
power = voltage x current
power= v2/R

24
Q

what is ohms law

A

current is porportional to potential difference at constant temperature

25
Q

what is the difference between ac and dc

A

In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, while electrons keep switching directions, going forward and then backwards in AC.

26
Q

flow of electrons and direction of current

A

State that conventional current is from positive
to negative and that the flow of free electrons is
from negative to positive

27
Q

resistance formula

A

resistance= V/I

28
Q

relaishonship between length of wire and resistance

A

the bigger the length the bigger the resistance
porportional
R1/L1= R2/L2

29
Q

relaishonship between cross section of a waire amd resstance

A

resistance is inversely porportional to cross section
R1xA1=R2xA2

30
Q

relaishonship between free electrons and resstance

A

the more free electrons the mor resistanve
R1xR1^2=R2xR2^2

31
Q

relaishonship between temperature and resistance

A

the bigger the temp the bigger the resistance
R1xd1^2/L1=R2xd2^2/L2