Electrical Principles and Technologies Part One

Question 1

Where are Protons and neutrons found?

Answer 1

The nucleus.

Question 2

Where are electrons?

Answer 2

They orbit around the nucleus.

Question 3

What are the three laws of electrical charges?

Answer 3

1) Opposites are attracted to each other
2) like charges repel
3) Charged objects attract neutral objects

Question 4

What is an electrostatic charge?

Answer 4

Charge on an ion.

Question 5

What does friction do?

Answer 5

Transfers electrons between two objects in contact.

Question 6

When does charge separation occur?

Answer 6

When a charged object is brought close to a neutral object.

Question 7

When does static electricity happen?

Answer 7

When there is an imbalance of electrons between two objects.

Question 8

What is electric discharge?

Answer 8

The movement of charges from one object to another because of this imbalance.

Question 9

What is lightning?

Answer 9

A discharge from the static electricity formed by raindrops rubbing against each other.

Question 10

How to Ven De Graaff Generators work? (VGDs)

Answer 10

A rubber belt rubs on a piece of metal, acquiring a charge by friction and the charge is then transferred to the sphere.

Question 11

What is electric current?

Answer 11

A steady flow of charged particles particles (electrons) in the same way that water current flows. It is the charge that flows, and the current is defined as the flow of charge.

Question 12

What are amperes? (amps)

Answer 12

Measures the rate at which electrical current flows.

Question 13

Every electric circuit must contain at least three elements:

Answer 13

1) energy source- a voltage source of electricity (battery/cell)
2) Conductor- for transmitting electrons (copper wire)
3) Load or form of resistance- resistance can come in many forms (light bulb, electric motor, or resistor)

Question 14

What is a current?

Answer 14

When a circuit is closed, electrons leave the negative side of the battery and flows towards the positive side. The flow of electrons past a fixed point called a “current” and is measured in amps.

Question 15

What is voltage?

Answer 15

The force that pushes electrons through the circuit. The greater the voltage and current, the more work that a circuit can do; a measure of the potential difference between two places in a circuit; how much energy each charged particle carries.

Question 16

Why shouldn’t you touch a power transmission line?

Answer 16

A short circuit can occur, because the electricity is trying to find a path to the ground, you can finish the circuit but it may be fatal.

Question 17

Dangers of electrical shock.

Answer 17

0.001 A most be felt at all
0.015-0.020 A painful shock and loss of muscle control
0.1A can be fatal

Question 18

What do insulators do?

Answer 18

They hamper the flow of electricity. (wood, rubber,etc)

Question 19

Three pronged plug?

Answer 19

The third prong is a ground wire, connected to the ground wire of the building, in case of a short circuit.

Question 20

Fuses?

Answer 20

Contain a thin piece of metal, designed to melt if the current is too high.

Question 21

Circuit breakers?

Answer 21

Trip a spring mechanism, which shuts off the flow of electricity through the circuit when there is too much current.

Question 22

What are lightning rods for?

Answer 22

They connect to the ground with a ground wire and are fixed on roofs to prevent damage during an electrical storm.

Question 23

What are dry cells?

Answer 23

electricity producing cells referred to dry cells are dry because chemicals are used in a paste.

Question 24

How do dry cells work?

Answer 24

The chemical reaction in a cell releases free electrons, which travel from the negative terminal of the cell, through the device that uses the electricity, and back to the positive terminal of the cell.

Question 25

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 25

A paste or liquid that conducts electricity because it contains chemicals that form ions.

Question 26

What are wet cells?

Answer 26

Called wet because the electrolyte is a liquid (usually acid).

Question 27

How do wet cells work?

Answer 27

Electrons travel from the negative electrode (zinc) through the device and on to the positive electrode (copper).

Question 28

What is a primary cell?

Answer 28

Non-rechargeable cells

Question 29

What is a secondary cell?

Answer 29

rechargeable cell

Question 30

What are batteries ?

Answer 30

Connecting cells together creates a battery, which is a sealed case with only two terminals.

Question 31

What is electrochemistry?

Answer 31

The study of chemical reactions involving electricity

Question 32

What is electrolysis?

Answer 32

Electricity issued to split molecules into their elements

Question 33

What is electroplating?

Answer 33

Silver and gold plating is used to cover and strengthen material and protect the metal from corrosion.

Question 34

What is anodizing?

Answer 34

Coating aluminum parts with a layer of aluminum oxide, which is much harder than aluminum.

Question 35

What is electro-refining?

Answer 35

Used to remove impurities from metal.