Chemistry part two

Question 1

What are ionic compounds?

Answer 1

Pure substances made by attraction between particles of opposite charges (ions). One metal and one non-metal.

Question 2

What are the qualities of Ionic Compounds?

Answer 2

• high melting/boiling point
• good electrical conductivity
• solid at room temperature

Question 3

What are ion charges?

Answer 3

The charges of the ions shown by a subscript or a plus/minus sign.

Question 4

What are cations?

Answer 4

Positive ions.

Question 5

What are anions?

Answer 5

negative ions.

Question 6

How do you name an ionic compound?

Answer 6

1) Use the full name of the first metal. (cation)
2) Put the name of the non-metal. (anion)
3) change the ending to -ide unless it is a polyatomic ion
4) If the cation had more than one charge, show which one by using roman numerals.
5) balance the charge sso that the ions are equal to zero.

Question 7

What are molecular compounds?

Answer 7

Compounds formed when non-metals combine.

Question 8

What are the properties of a molecular compound?

Answer 8

• low melting/boiling point
• electrical conductivity bad
• can be solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature

Question 9

How do you name a molecular compound?

Answer 9

1) Use the full name of the first element.
2) Add the prefix (except for mono)
3) Add the name of the second element and change the ending to -ide
4) Add the Prefix

Question 10

What are the prefixes for Molecular compound?

Answer 10

1- mono
2- di
3- tri
4- tetra
5- penta
6- hexa
7- hepta
8- octa
9- nona
10- deca

Question 11

What are reactants?

Answer 11

materials that are combined to start a reaction

Question 12

What are products?

Answer 12

new materials produced by the reaction

Question 13

What are word equations?

Answer 13

Chemical reactions written in words. Reactants are on the left, products are on the right.

Question 14

what is endothermic?

Answer 14

absorbs energy from the surroundings

Question 15

what is exothermic?

Answer 15

release energy to surroundings.

Question 16

What are the three chemical reactions?

Answer 16

1) Combustion- oxygen reacts with a chemical to produce a new substance and a release of energy
2) Corrosion- oxygen in the air reacts with a metal
3) Cellular Respiration- takes place in the body cells. Oxygen reacts with glucose (food) to produce water, carbon dioxide, and energy.

Question 17

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 17

In any chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactant is equal to the total mass of the products because matter isn’t created nor destroyed.

Question 18

What is an open system?

Answer 18

A system where products of a chemical reaction can escape.

Question 19

What is a closed system?

Answer 19

A system in which additional matter of a chemical reaction cannot escape.

Question 20

What are the factors that affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 20

1) Catalysts- helps the reaction get faster but not changed during the reaction so not a reactant (ex. enzymes).
2) Concentration- more atoms are able to react if there are more reactants so the reaction happens more quickly.
3) Temperature- increase in temperature speeds the rate of reaction because the more heat the more atoms are moving and able to collide with each other.
4) Surface area- surface area is increased, more reactant able to react.