Electrical Circuits, Solutions/acids, Bases and Buffers Flashcards
What is electricity?
the effects produced by moving charges.
What are the two kinds of charge for electricity?
Positive and negative
T/F: the SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C).
True
What is Coulumb’s Law?
Like charges repel and opposite charges attract.
A charge is what type of energy?
Kinetic energy
Amount of charge flowing per unit time is ______ current.
electrical
One amp of current corresponds to ____ coulomb of charge per second.
one
Materials in which charges can easily move are called?
Conductor
Materials in which a charge cannot easily move are called?
Insulators
What is inductance?
magnetic field induced around the wire when electron flow is in the wire.
What is electrical resistance measure in?
Ohms
What is power measured in?
Watts
Macroshock is defined as anything ______ mA.
> 1
Microshock is defined as anything ______ mA
<1
Cardery uses high frequency hertz of ___ to ____ hertz.
0.1 to 3000000
Power lines use ___ to ___ Hertz.
50 to 60
Resting membrane potential is about __ mV.
90
During depolorization ______ ion move in and _____ions move out.
Sodium, potassium
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
When a system in a state of dynamic equilibrium is disturbed, it will react to re-establish the equilibrium condition.
What is it called when a system is in a state of equilibrium when there is a balance between reactants and products
Equilibrium constant
The balance in equilibrium constant is defined as what?
Thermodynamics
What is the meaning of K?
- as K increases, the reaction tends to increasingly favor products
- as K decreases, the reaction tends to increasingly favor starting materials (the reverse reaction becomes more favorable)
The subscript of K eq denotes?
generic equilibrium constant
The subscript of K a denotes?
weak acid
The subscript of K b denotes?
weak base
The subscript of K sp denotes?
solubility
Heat is an exothermic reaction is a ______.
product
Heat in an endothermic reaction is a _______.
reactant
In Bronstead acids and bases an acid is a proton _____.
donor
In Bronstead acids and bases a base is a proton ______.
acceptor
T/F: When an acid donates a proton, it is converted into it conjugate BASE.
True
T/F: When a base accepts a proton, it is converted into its conjugate BASE.
False: conjugate ACID.
What is a diprotic acid?
acid that has more than one hydrogen ion to donate.
Which is more determined to donate a hydrogen ion a strong acid or a weak acid?
Strong acid
What is the henderson-hasselbach equation refering too?
A buffer system.
Molality (m) refers too?
m=moles solute/kg solvent
Molarity (M) refers too?
M = moles solute/ L solution
T/F: Molality is never equal to molarity.
True
Solubility is the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of _______.
solvent
A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of a solute, as defined by its ______.
solubility
A solution contains more solute than allowed by the solubility is ________.
supersaturated
tow liquids are soluble in each other in all proportions.
Miscible
What is Henry’s Law?
the amount of a non-reacting gas which dissolves in a liquid is DIRECTLY proportional to the partial pressure of the gas, provided the temperature remains constant.
How will temperature effect Henry’s Law?
Amount of gas dissolved is INVERSELY proportional to the temperature. (the colder the liquid, the more gas that will dissolve in the liquid
The quantity of solvent needed to dissolve a quantity of gas at a given temperature and pressure. (The higher the coefficient the more readily the gas dissolves in the liquid).
Ostwald’s Solubility Coefficient.
Volume of gas @ STP which dissolves in 1 unit volume of liquid. The milliliters of gas dissolved per milliliter of liquid that is maintained at atmospheric pressure and at a given temperature.
Bunsen Solubility Coefficient
What is Dalton’s equation?
P = P1 + P2 + P3 + ……
The rate of diffusion of gases through a membrane is INVERSELY proportional to the square root of the molecular weight. (What law is this?)
Graham
The rate of diffusion of a substance across unit area (such as a surface or membrane) is PROPORTIONAL to the concentration gradient. (What law is this?)
Fick
What is the Meyer Overton Law?
Agents with increase oil solubility have greater potency.
Diffusion Hypoxia refers to what law?
Fick’s Law
Air Embolism refers to what law?
Henry’s Law
