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EASA Aircraft General Knowledge > Electrical > Flashcards

Electrical Flashcards

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1
Q

Current (I)

A

The flow of electric charge measured in Amps

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2
Q

Voltage

A

The difference on potential energy between two points, required to make a currnt flow

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3
Q

Two types of currents

A

Direct Current
Alternating Current

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4
Q

Direct Current DC

A

Flowing in one direction

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5
Q

Alternating current AC

A

A current that changes direction of flow at regular intervals - cycles

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6
Q

A DC can be converted to AC by an

A

DC TO AC inverter

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7
Q

Resistance

A

The degree to which a material resists electrical current. The larger the resistance the smaller the current

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8
Q

Conductivity

A

How easy it is for an electric current to pass through a material

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9
Q

The rate at which alternating current swithcing cycles

A

Frequency. Hertz (cycles per second)

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10
Q

AC can be converted to DC using

A

AC to DC. Rectifier

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11
Q

AC wave

A
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12
Q

Amplitude

A

The peak value of a wave relative to the zero position

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13
Q

Phase

A

The position of a point in time on waveform, from 0 to 360

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14
Q

Frequency

A

The power of waves produced per second

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15
Q

Higher frequency means ______ wavelength

A

Shorter

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16
Q

Series circuit

A

Components are together on the same loop
The more work the current has to do, the less the current will be
If one comp fails, no more current is transferred

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17
Q

Series circuit

A

Components are on the same loop.
The more work required, the less current will be
If one como fails the whole circuit will stop

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18
Q

Parallel circuit

A

The comoonents are placed on different branches
If one fails, the others continue to work

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19
Q

When an electric current passes on a copper wire it generates

A

Magnetic field

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20
Q

Motor effect

A

When an electric wire passes on a copper wire (generating magnetic field), and the wire magnetic field interferes with close by magnets, it causing the wire to move in right angles

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21
Q

If we move a copper wire between magnets,

A

An electric current will be induced

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22
Q

Flemings left hand rule

A

Index finger of direction of magnetic field from n to s
Second finger to direction of current
Thumb will show the direction of movement force

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23
Q

The bus bar is supplied current by the

A

Battery and alternator or generator

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24
Q

The components getting currents from the bus bar are eventually

A

Earthed

25
Q

In lightweight airplanes usually the battery is

A

Lead-acid battery

26
Q

Most battery charge is drawn during

A

Startup

27
Q

If connecting two 12v40a in parallel circuit

A

12v80a, which is usually the case

28
Q

If connecting a two 12v40a in series circuit

A

24v40a

29
Q

In a generator (DC), how does it generate current

A

My rotating a square loop of wire between fixed magnets

30
Q

Two types of DC generators

A

Parallel Wound(shunt) or Series-Parallel Wound(compound)

31
Q

In a shunt wound generator, any increase in load will result a ____ in output ____

A

decrease, voltage

32
Q

Field winding

A

A coil of wire in which the magnetic field is produced

33
Q

A shunt wound generator has ___ field windings

A

1

34
Q

The series-parallel wound takes advantage of

A

The two types of circuits, parallel and series

35
Q

The output of series-paralell (compound) wound is relatively ______ (constant/changing) with changing load

A

constant

36
Q

Both alternators and generators intiially generting alternate/direct current

A

Alternate

37
Q

The windings in an alternator are stationary, the magnet rotates, and they’re called _____§

A

stator

38
Q

In an alternator, what spins?

A

the magnetfic field

39
Q

Most aircraft require DC/AC

A

DC

40
Q

In order to convert ACto DC we need a

A

rectifier

41
Q

Advantages of alternator

A
  • Even at lower RPM, provide sufficient current
  • THeoutput is more constant through engine speeds
  • Lighter than generators
42
Q

Disadvantages of alternator

A
  • Requires an initial current from the battery to create a magnetic field
43
Q

Ammeter

A

Measures the current flowing into or out of the battery

44
Q

Left-zero ammeter

A

Shows only the output of the alternator / generator

45
Q

Loadmeter

A

Shows the output of alternator / generator, this is the left-zero ammetere

46
Q

Centre-zero ammeter

A

Measures the current flow into or out of the battery

47
Q

Fuses and circuit-breakers should be reset how many times

A

Only once

48
Q

If a fuse / circuit breakers/ overload switch has popped, and you smell fire,

A

do not insert a new fuse or reset the circuit

49
Q

What’s a relay

A

Relays allows to control another circuit (probably a higher power one), by a smaller current/voltage circuit running through the switch.

50
Q

A relay is operated on the ____ principle

A

Solenoid

51
Q

A solenoid explanation

A

A metal bar with a coil of wrire around it. If current passes through the coil, the metal road moves (because of the magnetic field) which can perform mechanical tasks such as breaking or activating another circuit

52
Q

If static charge is not conducted to earth

A

It will accumulate until it can dissipate (by touching the airframe for example will cause an electric shock)

53
Q

Bonding wire

A

Allow the flow static electricity through the aircraft’s structure

54
Q

Static charge especially build up on an aircraft when flying through

A

percipitation or thunderstorm

55
Q

Static wicks

A

Small metal rods at the trailing edge of the control surfaces dissipating the static charge into the atmosphere

56
Q

When the aircraft lands, the static charge

A

Is earthed from the tyres before someone touches the outside of the aircraft

57
Q

Pitot-static insturments are using electrcity?

A

No

58
Q

Pitot-static instruments

A

VSI, ASI, Altimeter

EASA Aircraft General Knowledge (14 decks)

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