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Plumbing Level 1 > Electrical > Flashcards

Electrical Flashcards

1
Q

What charges do the following have?

Electrons

Protons

Neutrons

A

Electrons = negative charge

Protons = Positive charge

Neutrons = No charge

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2
Q

What are the magnet rules that govern their operations?

A
  1. have 2 poles: north + south poles (Like repel, unlike attract)
  2. Magnetic lines (flux lines) continuous + always form loops
  3. Magnetic lines of force never cross
    1. Magnetic lines form tight loops which act like rubber bands, constricting / forcing 2 magnets to become one
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3
Q

True or False: There’s insulation for magnetic lines of force

A

False: There is no insulation against magnetic lines of force

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4
Q

What happens if you move a conductor through a magnetic field or a magnet through a coiled conductor?

A

The moving magnetic field will induce a voltage potential.

(the faster the magnet moves = stronger the voltage)

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5
Q

AC generates what?

A

electromagnetism

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6
Q

Magnetism produces what type of current?

A

AC

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7
Q

What does EMF mean?

How is it meansure?

A

Electromotive Force

in Volts

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8
Q

What is thermoelectric effect?

A

Happens when heat is applied to two dissimilar metals

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9
Q

What is a thermocouple?

A

Is made of 2 dissimilar metals welded together at the tip.

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10
Q

How does a thermocouple work-ish?

A

When electromagnetic is charged, it holds a valve in the open position / allows gas to flow to appliance

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11
Q

In North America what is the frequency at which electricity flows?

A

60 hertz (Hz)

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12
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

It is a liquid or paste where a chemical reaction takes place.

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13
Q

What is Piezoelectricity?

A

It is pressure causing an electrical charge.

Ex: Spark igniter used to light a gas BBQ

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14
Q

What is the only source of electricity that produces AC?

A

Magnetism

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15
Q

What is the term given to 6.28 quintillion electrons?

A

A coulomb of charge

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16
Q

What are the 4 basic components of an electrical circuit?

A

Source

Conductor

Switch

Load

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17
Q

The larger the hose, the …..

A

The higher the flow rate.

Bigger hose = bigger flow rate

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18
Q

Just remember Gallons / min + L / sec

A
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19
Q

What does Ohms measure?

A

Resistance to the flow of current

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20
Q

What are the 3 variations that Ohm’s law?

A
  1. E = I x R
  2. R = E / I
  3. I = E / R

E = EMF (Volts)

I = Current or Flow (amps)

R = Resistance (Ohms)

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21
Q

Ohm’s Law states what?

A

It takes 1 volt to push 1 amp through 1 ohm of resistance

(1 volt -→ 1 amp -→ 1 ohm)

A useful tool to asses a circuit / find an unknown valve

22
Q

Work performed by the load is described by what?

A

Power / measured in Watts

23
Q

What is Watts?

How is it expressed?

A

Watts is the product of voltage / amperage

  1. P = E / I
  2. E = P / I
  3. I = P / E
24
Q

DC electrons flow through conductors which way?

A

Negative terminal -→ positive terminal

25
Q

What is the 4 basic components of a Simple Circuit?

(P - C - S - L)

A
  1. Power source of voltage potential
  2. Conductors to provide a path for current to flow
  3. A Control (aka Switch)
  4. A Load with resistance to perform work.
26
Q

What are the colours of the 2 hot wires?

A

Red and Black

27
Q

2 breakers combined together is what?

A

Double Pole, Single Throw (DPST)

28
Q

What is this image?

A

Double Pole Single Throw

29
Q

Where should disconnect switches be placed?

A

Always placed in the “hot” leg of a circuit

30
Q

How does an overload occur?

A

whenever there is too much current for the size of the wire.

Happens when too many loads are plugged into the same circuit.

DT being wired parallel to each other the amperage would increase / cause overheating of conductors

31
Q

Again, how does an overload occur?

A

If a current in a circuit increases it’s because to many wires are wired in parallel to each other.

32
Q

What are the designs that are built to withstand the initial current load caused by the starting of electric motors?

A

Time - delayed fuses

33
Q

What is the advantage of circuit breakers over fuses?

A

Breakers can be reset whereas fuses must be replaced.

Breakers are recyclable

34
Q

What happens when excessive current flows through a thermal device within breaker?

A

The thermal device (a bimetal element) will warp when it gets too hot and “trips” the breaker / opens the circuit.

35
Q

In a Series Circuit, if one of the three light bulbs in removed, what happens?

A

The path or circuit is broken and none of the bulbs will light.

36
Q

True or False: the total resistance in a series circuit will be the sum of all individual resistances in the circuit.

A

True

37
Q

Rules for Series circuit, GO

A
  1. Total resistance = individual sum of resistances
  2. Amp / current is the constant
  3. Kirchhoff’s Law: total voltage = sum of voltage across individual loads
38
Q

A circuit that has more than two paths to follow

A

Is a parallel circuit

39
Q

The total resistance of a parallel circuit is always…..

A

less than the resistance of the smallest of the individual resistances

Total is less than the smallest number…

40
Q

Rules for a Parallel Circuit, GO

A
  1. Voltage is the same throughout
  2. Use the triangle to find amperage..
  3. The sum is less than the smallest resistance number
41
Q

A transformer acts as both of…

A

A source and a load

Primary side: load

Secondary side: source

42
Q

Electrical energy is transferred through transformers how?

A

By magnetic induction

43
Q

How does an electromagnet (aka solenoid) work?

A
  • Coil is electrically energized / current flows through
  • intensified magnetic field of coil pulls iron rod into centre of coil
  • Iron rod stays in this position until coil in de-energized
44
Q

Relays are used in hydronic heating / air conditioning how?

A

120 V or 240 V motors are switched on / off by a 24V control circuit

45
Q

Relays can be both what?

A

A load and a switch

Load on the 24 V side

Switch on the 120 V or 240 V side

46
Q

What is the term given to a coil of wire into which an iron armature is drawn?

A

a solenoid

47
Q

What is this?

A

Temperature Switch

Opens a circuit on a rise in temp

48
Q

What is this?

A

Pressure Switch

Closes a circuit on a rise in pressure

49
Q

What is this?

A

Transformer

They increase or decrease voltage bn primary / secondary circuits.

50
Q

What is this?

A

Fuse

Opens a circuit when too much current flows

51
Q

What is this?

A

Ground

A connection to the earth that has no voltage potential

52
Q

When working on electrical equipment that is live, how many hands do you want on the live equipment?

A

Only one hand, current will probably flow through the hand and down through the feet.

Two hands: electrical path would be through the heart

Plumbing Level 1 (14 decks)

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