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UK Politics > electoral systems > Flashcards

electoral systems Flashcards

1
Q

safe seat

A

the same political party retains the seat election to election

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2
Q

marginal seat

A

seat which swaps between political parties each election

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3
Q

minority government

A

government that enters office without a majority of seats

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4
Q

coalition government

A

a government that is formed by more than one political party

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5
Q

how many constituencies are there in the UK?

A

650

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6
Q

how do the constituency boundaries change?

A

by the boundaries commission, independent from government

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7
Q

what electoral system is used in the UK?

A

first past the post

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8
Q

what electoral system is used in Scotland?

A

AMS (additional member system)

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9
Q

what electoral system is used in Wales?

A

AMS (additional member system)

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10
Q

what electoral system is used in Northern Ireland?

A

STV (single transferable vote)

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11
Q

what electoral system is sued to elect mayors?

A

SV (supplementary vote)

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12
Q

why did new labour introduce different electoral systems after winning the election?

A

they spent 18 years in opposition to labour and wanted to prevent it from happening again. they wanted to modernise democracy in the UK

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13
Q

did labour benefit in 1997 with the FPTP system?

A

yes, won 418 seats

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14
Q

what % of Labour Party delegates voted in favour of embracing PR?

A

80%

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15
Q

what type of system is FPTP?

A

plurality

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16
Q

what does it mean if a system is a plurality system?

A

only need one more vote than those in second to win

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17
Q

what are the outcomes of FPTP in terms seats?

A

safe seats and marginal seats

18
Q

what was the safest seat in 2019 and what was the %?

A

Liverpool Walton labour 74.8% majority

19
Q

in safe seats, is the turnout low or high?

A

typically low as the results are usually forgone conclusions

20
Q

what was the most marginal seat in 2019 and what was the majority?

A

Fermanagh and South Tyrone 0.11% 57 votes!!!

21
Q

in marginal seats, is the turnout higher or lower?

A

higher

22
Q

what are the outcomes of the two part system due to FPTP?

A
  • two parties competing for office
  • small parties disadvantaged
23
Q

is concentrated support important under FPTP?

A

yes, it is needed to win a seat

24
Q

in 2019, what % of the votes and seats did the conservative party win?

A

43.6% of the votes
56.2% of the seats

25
Q

in 2019, what % of the votes and seats did the Green Party win?

A

2.7% of the votes
0.2% of the seats (one seat)

26
Q

in 2019, what % of the votes and seats did Brexit party win?

A

2% of the votes
0% of the seats

27
Q

what type of government does FPTP result in?

A

single party majority governments

28
Q

how many elections since WW2 haven’t resulted in a single party majority government?

A

3 - 1974, 2010, and 2017

29
Q

what are the advantaged of FPTP?

A
  • strong MP-constituency link and good representation
  • clear outcomes with strong stable government
  • responsible government which is held accountable
  • prevents extremist parties
30
Q

how does FPTP deny voters choice?

A

only one candidate per party, if a voter doesn’t vote for their candidate, they are forced to vote for another party they may disagree with

31
Q

what % of the votes and seats did Sinn Fein win in 2022?

A

29% of the votes
30% of the seats

32
Q

what % of the votes and seats did DUP win in 2022?

A

21% of the votes
27% of the seats

33
Q

what was the turnout of the 2022 Northern Irish Assembly?

A

62.8%

34
Q

what has the DUP refused to sign with Sinn Fein?

A

the power share agreement

35
Q

how many seats did SNP win in 2021?

A

64

36
Q

who are the SNP is coalition with currently?

A

Green Party (8 seats)

37
Q

in the 2019 General election, what % of votes and Scottish seats did SNP win?

A

45% of the votes
81% of the seats

38
Q

who has the majority in Senedd Cymru?

A

Labour, 30 seats

39
Q

how many seats to Plaid Cymru have in Senedd?

A

13

40
Q
A

UK Politics (5 decks)

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