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Functional Anatomy > Elbow, Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Elbow, Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three joints within the joint caspule of the elbow?

A
  • Humeroulnar
  • Humeroradial
  • Proximal Radioulnar
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2
Q

In the anatomical position, which forearm bone is lateral and which is medial?

A
  • Radius is lateral (thumb side)

- Ulna is medial

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3
Q

At the elbow joint, which forearm bone is larger?

A

Ulna

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4
Q

At the wrist, which forearm bone is larger?

A

Radius

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5
Q

What type of joint is the Humeroulnar joint

A

Hinge Joint

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6
Q

What are the articulating surfaces for the Humeroulnar Joint?

A

Semilunar notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus

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7
Q

What bony processes of the elbow limit the movement of the humeroulnar joint?

A

The coronoid process and olecranon process.

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8
Q

What’s the primary movement of the humeroulnar joint?

A

Elbow Flexion and Extension

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9
Q

What kind of joint is the Humeroradial Joint?

A

Gliding Joint (technically) but more accurately described as a restricted ball and socket

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10
Q

what are the articulating surfaces for the Humeroradial joint?

A

The Capitulum of the Humerus and the head of the Radius

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11
Q

What structure limits the movement of the humeroradial joint?

A

Annular Ligament

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12
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Head of radius to the radial fossa/notch of the ulna

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13
Q

Define ‘carrying angle’ in relation to the position of the arm

A

The angle of abduction of the forearm relative to the humerus at the anatomical position

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the carrying angle of the forearm?

A

To allow the forearm to clear the pelvis

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15
Q

What is the carrying angle for men/women?

A

10-15 degrees for men, 20-25 for women

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16
Q

What are the three key ligaments for elbow stability?

A
  • Ulnar Collateral Ligament
  • Radial Collateral Ligament
  • Annular Ligament
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17
Q

What are the flexors of the elbow?

A
  • Biceps Brachii
  • Brachialis
  • Brachioradialis
  • Pronator Teres
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18
Q

What are the extensors of the elbow?

A
  • Triceps Brachii

- Anconeus

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19
Q

What are the supinators of the forearm?

A
  • Supinator

- Biceps Brachii

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20
Q

What are the pronators of the forearm

A
  • Pronator Teres

- Pronator Quadratus

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21
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachialis?

A
  • O: Anterior Aspect of the Humerus Shaft
  • I: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
  • A: Flexes elbow in all positions of the forearm
22
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Biceps Brachii?

A
  • O: (Long) Supraglenoid tubercle and superior glenoid rim of the scapular (Short) Coracoid Process
  • I: Radial Tuberosity and Bicipital aponeurosis
  • A: Elbow Flexion, Shoulder Flexion, Supination
23
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachioradialis?

A
  • O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
  • I: Styloid process of the radius
  • A: Flexes the elbow joint with a neutral forearm, supinates the radioulnar joint
24
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Pronator Teres?

A
  • O: Common flexor tendon into the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid of the ulna
  • I: Lateral surface of the shaft of the radius
  • A: weak elbow flexor, strong pronator
25
What is the origin of the long head of the triceps?
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
26
What is the origin of the medial head of the triceps?
Medial shaft of the humerus
27
What is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps?
Lateral shaft of the humerus
28
What is the insertion of the triceps brachii?
Olecranon Process of the Ulna
29
What is the action of the triceps brachii muscle?
Elbow Extension, Shoulder Extension, Inferior Glenohumeral stability
30
What is the origin, insertion and action of the anconeus muscle?
- O: Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus - I: Shaft and Olecranon of the Ulna - A: Elbow Extension
31
What is the origin, insertion and action of the Pronator Quadratus?
- O: Oblique ridge of the shaft of the ulna - I: Anterior surface of the shaft of the radius - A: Forearm pronation
32
What is the origin of the Supinator?
- O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, fossa and supinator crest of the ulna, radial collateral and annular ligaments
33
What is the insertion of the Supinator?
Lateral surface of the shaft of the radius
34
What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?
Pivot
35
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?
Condyloid
36
What are the articular surfaces of the radiocarpal joint?
Proximal row of carpals with the distal head of the radius
37
What are the names of the carpal bones
- Capitate - Hamate - Pisiform - Triquetrum - Lunate - Scaphoid - Trapezium - Trapezoid
38
What is the midcarpal joint?
Articulation between the proximal and distal row of carpals
39
What are the intercarpal joints?
articulations between individual carpal bones
40
What type of joints are the midcarpal and Intercarpal joints?
- Gliding Diarthrodial
41
What type of joint is the Carpometacarpal joint?
Modified Saddle Joint
42
How much movement is there in the different carpometacarpal joint?
- Finger movement restricted due to ligaments but thumb movement highly mobile
43
What are the articular surfaces of the metacarpophalangeal joints?
Metacarpals and proximal phalanx
44
What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?
Condyloid
45
What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint?
Hinge
46
How many IP joints in the finger?
2 (Distal and Proximal)
47
How many IP Joints in the thumb?
1
48
What are the Wrist Flexors?
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Flexor Carpi Radialis - Palmaris Longus - Flexor Pollicis Longus - Flexor Digitorum Profundus
49
What is the origin of all wrist flexors?
Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus
50
What are the Wrist Extensors?
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris - Extensor Radialis Longus - Extensor Radialis Brevis - Extensor Digitorum - Pollicis Longus
51
What are the radial deviator?
- Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis with Flexor carpi radialis
52
What are the ulnar deviators?
- Flexor carpi ulnaris with exensor carpi ulnaris

Functional Anatomy (8 decks)

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