Elbow And Joints Of Forearm (5) Flashcards
What are the articulation points of the ulna and radius?
- Radius: head
- Ulna: Coronoid process
Olecranon process
Trochlea notch
What are the articulation points of the humerus?
- Trochlea
- Capitulum
- Olecranon fossa
- Coronoid fossa
- Radial fossa
What type of joint is the elbow?
- Hinge type
- Synovial joint
What is different about the carrying angle in males and females?
- Forearm is angled further from the trunk in females.
What are the hinge muscles in the elbow?
- Biceps and triceps brachii
- Brachioradialis
What nerve innervates the Brachioradialis?
- Radial nerve
How is the capsule of the elbow strengthened?
- Collateral ligaments medially and laterally
What is held in the capsule?
- Elbow
- Proximal radioulnar joint
- Synovial membrane lines fibrous capsule and humerus.
What are the 3 parts of the ulnar collateral ligament?
- Anterior: strongest, chord like
- Posterior: fan shaped
- Oblique: deepens socket for trochlea
Describe the radial collateral ligament
- Fan shaped
- Blends with annular ligament
Which are the bursae that are most likely to be problematic?
- Subcutaneous Olecranon bursae
- Subtendinous Olecranon bursae
- Bursaetis
What are the nerves at the elbow and how do they pass it?
- Radial nerve passes anterior to lateral epicondyle
- Ulnar nerve passes posterior to medial epicondyle
What’s hilton law?
- When vessel passes a structure it will provide a branch
How is the elbow supplied with blood?
- Atrial anastomoses formed by collateral arteries and recurrent branches of ulnar, radial and interosseous arteries.
What does anastomoses and recurrent arteries mean?
- Recurrent: turns back on self
- Anastomoses: rejoining of branches that had previously split.
What does the radioulnar joint consist of?
- Proximal radioulnar
- Distal radioulnar
- Interosseous membrane
What is the definition of dislocation?
- Complete loss of contact of joint surfaces
What is the definition of subluxion?
- Partial dislocation of joint, so bone ends are still in contact
What is the role of the interosseous membrane?
- Fibrous joint
- Fibres run inferio-medially
- Allowing distribution of force from radius to ulnar
What ligaments are there in the elbow area?
- Collateral ligaments: ulnar and radial
- Palmar radiocarpal: ensures hand follows radius during supination
- Dorsal radiocarpal: ensures hand follow radius during pronation
How us abduction of the forearm via the elbow restricted?
- Limited by radial styled process.
What role does the distal radioulnar joint have in supination and pronation?
- Articular disk ensures joint’s integrity maintained
- Head of radius pivots on capitulum of humerus
- Sacciform recess superior extension of synovial capsule allows twisting of capsule
- Muscles involved: supinator, biceps brachii, pronator quadratus, pronator teres
- Pronation: bones cross over, radius over ulna
- Supination: bones remain parallel
