Elbow And Joints Of Forearm (5)

Question 0

What are the articulation points of the ulna and radius?

Answer 0

• Radius: head
• Ulna: Coronoid process
  Olecranon process
  Trochlea notch

Question 1

What are the articulation points of the humerus?

Answer 1

• Trochlea
• Capitulum
• Olecranon fossa
• Coronoid fossa
• Radial fossa

Question 2

What type of joint is the elbow?

Answer 2

• Hinge type

- Synovial joint

Question 3

What is different about the carrying angle in males and females?

Answer 3

• Forearm is angled further from the trunk in females.

Question 4

What are the hinge muscles in the elbow?

Answer 4

• Biceps and triceps brachii

- Brachioradialis

Question 5

What nerve innervates the Brachioradialis?

Answer 5

• Radial nerve

Question 6

How is the capsule of the elbow strengthened?

Answer 6

• Collateral ligaments medially and laterally

Question 7

What is held in the capsule?

Answer 7

• Elbow
• Proximal radioulnar joint
• Synovial membrane lines fibrous capsule and humerus.

Question 8

What are the 3 parts of the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 8

• Anterior: strongest, chord like
• Posterior: fan shaped
• Oblique: deepens socket for trochlea

Question 9

Describe the radial collateral ligament

Answer 9

• Fan shaped

- Blends with annular ligament

Question 10

Which are the bursae that are most likely to be problematic?

Answer 10

• Subcutaneous Olecranon bursae
• Subtendinous Olecranon bursae
• Bursaetis

Question 11

What are the nerves at the elbow and how do they pass it?

Answer 11

• Radial nerve passes anterior to lateral epicondyle

- Ulnar nerve passes posterior to medial epicondyle

Question 12

What’s hilton law?

Answer 12

• When vessel passes a structure it will provide a branch

Question 13

How is the elbow supplied with blood?

Answer 13

• Atrial anastomoses formed by collateral arteries and recurrent branches of ulnar, radial and interosseous arteries.

Question 14

What does anastomoses and recurrent arteries mean?

Answer 14

• Recurrent: turns back on self

- Anastomoses: rejoining of branches that had previously split.

Question 15

What does the radioulnar joint consist of?

Answer 15

• Proximal radioulnar
• Distal radioulnar
• Interosseous membrane

Question 16

What is the definition of dislocation?

Answer 16

• Complete loss of contact of joint surfaces

Question 17

What is the definition of subluxion?

Answer 17

• Partial dislocation of joint, so bone ends are still in contact

Question 18

What is the role of the interosseous membrane?

Answer 18

• Fibrous joint
• Fibres run inferio-medially
• Allowing distribution of force from radius to ulnar

Question 20

What ligaments are there in the elbow area?

Answer 20

• Collateral ligaments: ulnar and radial
• Palmar radiocarpal: ensures hand follows radius during supination
• Dorsal radiocarpal: ensures hand follow radius during pronation

Question 21

How us abduction of the forearm via the elbow restricted?

Answer 21

• Limited by radial styled process.

Question 24

What role does the distal radioulnar joint have in supination and pronation?

Answer 24

• Articular disk ensures joint’s integrity maintained
• Head of radius pivots on capitulum of humerus
• Sacciform recess superior extension of synovial capsule allows twisting of capsule
• Muscles involved: supinator, biceps brachii, pronator quadratus, pronator teres
• Pronation: bones cross over, radius over ulna
• Supination: bones remain parallel