Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OCS Cards > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

In general, who has a larger carrying angle, men v. women?

A

Women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which epicondyle is more prominent?

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 3 main anatomical attachments occur at the medial epicondyle?

A

Flexors, ulnar collateral ligament, pronator teres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 3 main anatomical attachments occur at the lateral epicondyle?

A

Extensors, radial collateral ligament, supinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the attachment site for the biceps brachii?

A

Radial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The radius articulates with what aspect of the humerus?

A

Capitellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The ulna articulates with what aspects of the humerus?

A

Coronoid fossa - olecranon fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In what motion does the UCL become taut?

A

Flexion - higher the deg of flexion, the more taut the ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In what motion is the RCL taut?

A

RCL is taut throughout flexion and extension - increases even more in supination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the flexors of the elbow (3) and their nerve innervations:
Flexor of shoulder additionally (1)

A

Biceps - musculocutaneous
Brachialis - musculocutaneous
Brachioradialis - radial
Coracobrachialis - musculocutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the extensor of the elbow (2) and their nerve innervations:

A

Triceps - radial

Anconeus - radial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In general, the extensor muscles (5) are innervated by what peripheral nerve?

A

Radial nerve - ECRL, ECRB, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extnesor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Supinator muscle is innervated and pierced by what peripheral nerve?

A

Radial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When the radial nerve exits supinator muscle, what does it become?

A

Posterior interosseous nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which muscle is the primary supinator of the elbow/forearm?

A

Biceps - supinator assists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which nerve innervates pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Flexor muscle group is innervated by both median and ulnar nerves - distinguish between FCR / FCU / Flexor digitorum superficialis / Flexor digitorum profundus ->

A

FCR - median
FCU - ulnar
Flexor digitorum superificialis - median
Flexor digitorum profundus - digits 2 and 3 median // digits 4 and 5 ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Posterior interosseous nerve innervates 4 thumb/index finger muscles:

A

1) abductor pollicis
2) extensor pollicis longus
3) extensor pollicis brevis
4) extensor indicis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

After median nerve passes through pronator teres, it becomes what peripheral nerve?

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Anterior interosseous nerve innervates two important muscles in making the OK sign: they are ->

A

Flexor pollicis longus

FDProfundus (digits 2/3 - branch of median nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which gender is more affected with lateral tendinoapthy?

A

Women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Does medial tendinopathy affect the dominant or non-dominant elbow?

A

Dominant > non-dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What age group and gender is most prevalent for distal biceps rupture?

A

Men, age 40-60 - also younger men powerlifting/body building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the Biceps squeeze test and Hook test?

A

Assessment of integrity of distal biceps tendon

25
Q

Is posterolateral rotatory instability a dislocation of the radial head or humeroulnar/humeroradial joints?

A

ER of the ulnar away from trochlea with subluxing humeroulnar & radial joints

26
Q

Define the lateral pivot shift test for the elbow:

A

Axillary compression down forearm shaft, starting in extension -> moving into flexion and applying vaglus force with supination to produce clunk between 40-70 deg of flexion

27
Q

Who is at inc risk for UCL injury?

A

Overhead throwing athlete - esp younger with open physis

28
Q

In Little Leaguer’s Elbow, what puts the athlete at inc risk for developing UCL injury?

A

Higher pitch count

29
Q

With Tommy John Surgery, what is time frame for return to sport?

A

9-12 months - return to progressive throwing at 4 months

30
Q

What loss of ROM appears to be linked with length of time immobilized after elbow dislocation?

A

Extension

31
Q

Three sub/objective signs indicating fracture in the elbow:

A

1) Hx of trauma
2) presence of fat pad sign (effusion over posterior elbow)
3) inability to fully extend elbow

32
Q

Cardinal signs of olecranon fracture: (3)

A

Loss of extension
Triceps weakness/disruption
Fragment on radiograph

33
Q

Can the radial head be excised if the UCL is not intact?

A

NO! If UCL is intact, pronator/flexor mass can compensate

34
Q

Define Monteggia fracture:

A

Fx of proximal third of ulan with dislocation of radial head

35
Q

Define Essex-Lopresti fracture:

A

Fx of radial head with concurrent dislocation of distal RUJ, disruption of IOM

36
Q

What nerve is affected with severe elbow flexion contracture?

A

Ulnar - can develop ulnar neruritis

37
Q

What can develop for up to 2 months after soft tissue injury? Hallmark sign is pain with progressive loss of motion

A

Heterotropic ossificans

38
Q

What nerve injury is the transient physiological block caused by ischemia (pressure/stretch) without Wallerian degeneration - nerve structure intact?

A

Neurapraxia - no positive Tinel without Wallerian degeneration

39
Q

What nerve injury occurs when the axons of the nerve are badly damaged, but the architecture of the nerve remains intact - Wallerian degeneration occurs?

A

Axonotmesis - positive Tinels

40
Q

What nerve injury occurs when the structure of the nerve is destroyed by cutting, scarring, or prolong severe compression - Wallerian degeneration occurs?

A

Neurotmesis - positive Tinels

41
Q

What is the expected recovery of neurapraxia?

A

Will resolve - days to weeks

42
Q

What is the expected recovery for axonotmesis?

A

Recovery at 1mm/day - >18 months of recovery = poorer prognosis

43
Q

What is expected recovery for neurontmesis?

A

Incomplete recovery, surgical intervention usually required

44
Q

What nerve disorder are overhead throwers most likely to develop?

A

Cubital tunnel syndrome; traction with extreme valgus stress on medial arm

45
Q

Define Wartenburgs sign:

A

Place hand flat on table, passively abduct digits - inability to adduct 5th digit; indication of ulnar nerve palsy

46
Q

Define Froments sign:

A

Attempts to remove piece of paper between thumb and index finger will result in inability to hold paper or hyperflexion of IP of thumb; indicates ulnar nerve palsy

47
Q

What is the hallmark sign for Anterior Interosseous Nerve entrapment?

A

Inability to make OK sign - decreased motor function of flexor pollicis longus/flexor digitorum profundus (2/3)

48
Q

What is a distinguishing feature between AIN entrapment and pronator teres syndrome?

A

In AIN syndrome, there are no sensory sxs in the fingers - pronator teres may have sensory component like CTS

49
Q

What are distinguishing tests for pronator teres syndrome versus CTS?

A

Tinels and prolong wrist flexion - do no reproduce sxs in pronator teres syndrome

50
Q

What nerves are seen commonly affected in Parsonage Turner Syndrome?

A

Commonly affects axillary nerve, upper trunk of brachial plexus (suprascapular and long thoracic nerve)

51
Q

Does Posterior Interosseous Nerve syndrome have sensation loss?

A

No

52
Q

PIN syndrome causes weakness in what muscle group?

A

Finger extensors

53
Q

What diagnosis causes pain with resisted supination, repetitive wrist flexion but has no motor or sensory loss?

A

Radial tunnel syndrome

54
Q

What population is more greatly affected by Osteochondritis Dissecans?

A

Adolescents - male 12-17 y.o. - esp pitchers

55
Q

What disease consists of epicondyle apophysitis in children 7-10 y.o. with non-traumatic development?

A

Panner’s disease

56
Q

Which arthritis has best outcomes for Total elbow arthroplasty?

A

RA > OA (traumatic)

57
Q

What is the MCID for the DASH?

A

10-17

58
Q

What is the MCID for the quickDASH?

A

19

OCS Cards (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions