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Diagnostic Imaging > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 routine views of the elbow?

A
  • AP
  • Lateral
  • AP Oblique, IR
  • AP Oblique, ER
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2
Q

How is the patient oriented in relation to the image receptor for elbow AP?

A
  • Arm lays supinated so olecranon rests on image receptor

- Shoulder flexed 90 degrees from anatomic position

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3
Q

How is the patient oriented in relation to the image receptor for elbow lateral?

A
  • Shoulder abducted, and arm’s medial surface resting on the image receptor
  • Elbow flexed 90 degrees
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4
Q

How is the patient positioned for AP Oblique IR?

A
  • Shoulder abducted 90 degrees
  • Arm rests on receptor
  • Forearm pronated so that palm faces table
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5
Q

How is the patient positioned for AP Oblique ER?

A
  • Shoulder abducted 90 degrees

- Forearm supinated so knuckles are resting on surface

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6
Q

What are the routine views of the forearm?

A
  • AP

- Lateral

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7
Q

How is the patient positioned for forearn AP?

A
  • Shoulder flexed 90 degrees

- Forearm supinated so that knucles rest on surface

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8
Q

How is the patient positioned for forearm lateral?

A
  • Elbow flexed 90 degrees
  • Forearm in neutral position
  • Thumb abudcted slightly (relaxed)
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9
Q

What are the 6 fractures of the distal humerus?

A
  • Supracondylar
  • Transcondylar
  • Intracondylar (T or Y)
  • Condylar
  • Intra-articular
  • Epicondylar
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10
Q

What is a supracondylar fracture of the humerus?

A

Fractures above the condyles.

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11
Q

What is a transcondylar fracture of the humerus?

A

Fractured transversely through the condyles.

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12
Q

What is a intracondylar fracture of the humerus?

A

Fractured transversely through condyles, but also distally through trochlea.

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13
Q

What is a condylar fracture of the humerus?

A

Longitudinal fracture through the condyles.

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14
Q

What is an intra-articular fracture of the humerus?

A

Through the trochlea.

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15
Q

What is an epicondylar fracture of the humerus?

A

Longitudinal fracture through the epicondyles.

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16
Q

What are the lines for alignment used to asses humeral fractures?

A
  • Elbow lateral view (must be 90 degrees)
  • Line through anterior humerus
  • Line through middle of the shaft of the radius
  • If both pass through the mid 1/3 of the capitulum, then there are no fractures.
17
Q

How are fractures assessed in the elbow using fat pads?

A
  • elbow lateral view
  • In a normal radiograph the anterior fat pads make up a small, thin triangular darkened area directly anterior to the fossa at the distal humerus
  • The posterior pads are usually deep in the olecranon fossa, and not visible at all on a lateral radiograph
  • Displace of the fat pads indicates effusion of the joint capsule, and possible fracture with inflammation

Diagnostic Imaging (14 decks)

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