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Elements Of Life > EL9 How Salty? > Flashcards

EL9 How Salty? Flashcards

1
Q

What are group 2 oxides and hydroxides, and what do they do?

A

Bases, they react with acids to form salts.

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2
Q

What is an acid neutralised by?

A

A base/ alkaline.

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3
Q

What are the properties of acids due to?

A

Their ability to transfer H+ ions to something else.

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4
Q

What is a substance that accepts H+ ions called?

A

A base.

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5
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance that donates H+ ions in a chemical reaction.

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6
Q

What is the theory of H+ ion transfer know as?

A

The Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases.

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7
Q

What are acids sometimes referred to?

A

Proton donors.

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8
Q

What are bases sometimes referred as?

A

Proton acceptors.

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9
Q

How do we know hydrochloric acid contain ions?

A

It can readily conduct electricity.

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10
Q

What 2 ions do hydrochloric acid and water make?

A

Oxonium ion H^3O^+ and a chlorine ion Cl^-

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11
Q

Where does oxonium occur?

A

In every acidic solution.

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12
Q

What happens when an acid dissolves in water?

A

H+ ions form in solution.

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13
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions OH^-.

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14
Q

What do some alkalis already have?

A

Some already contain hydroxide ions, and some have to form them when reacting with water.

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15
Q

What is the ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

H+ (aq) + OH- >H2O (l)

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16
Q

What are ionic equations also written for?

A

Insoluble salts formed by precipitation reactions.

17
Q

How can the exact volume at neutralisation of a solution, or the amount of acid or base in the original solution be calculated?

A

By knowing the exact concentration of either the acid or base, and when they have neutralised each other.

18
Q

What do you need to be able to do to find out the volume of neutralised solution?

A

Dilute a solution, make up a standard solution, and carry out an acid-base titration.

19
Q

What do you need to convert g/dm into mol/dm^3?

A

The molar mass of the substance involved.

20
Q

What do chemists prefer to measure quantities in?

A

Moles.

21
Q

What is the calculation for concentration in mol/dm^3?

A

Concentration g/dm / molar mass g/mol.

22
Q

How do you work out the concentration of solution in g/dm?

A

Amount of solute g/volume of solution dm^3.

23
Q

What will a solutions concentration depend on when its made?

A

The amount of solute, and the final volume of solution.

24
Q

How do you calculate dilution?

A

Original concentration/ diluted concentration.

25
Q

How can we calculate the volume of the original stock?

A

Total volume needed/ dilution.

26
Q

How do you calculate the starting volume of a solution?

A

Final concentration * final volume / all divided by starting concentration.

Elements Of Life (12 decks)

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