Eksamenstræning Flashcards

1
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Tunica vaginalis

A

Peritoneum

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2
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Fascia spermatica interna

A

Fascia transversalis

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3
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Fascia spermatica externa

A

Musculus obliquus externus aponeurose

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4
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Fascia cremasterica

A

Musculus transversus abdominis

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5
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Tunica dartos

A

Fascia abdominalis superficialis

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6
Q

Associate the layers of scrotum with their origin in the abdominal wall: Cutis

A

Cutis

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7
Q

What molecule is this?

A

Beta-estradiol

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8
Q

What molecule is this?

A

Testosterone

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9
Q

What is the key transmitter substance responsible for the penile smooth muscle relaxation leading to erection?

A

Nitric oxide (NO)

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10
Q

Where are the testes and ovaries original position?

A

The testes and ovaries descend form their original position at the tenth thoracic level

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11
Q

Which structures form the boundaries of the foramen ischiadicum majus?

A
  • Insicura ischiada major
  • Ligamentum sacrospinale
  • Ligamentum sacrotuberale
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12
Q
A
  1. Ligamentum iliolumbale
  2. Ligamentum lumbosacrale
  3. Ligamentum sacroiliaca anteriora
  4. Ligamentum sacrospinale
  5. Ligamentum sacrotuberale
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13
Q

Which hormone stimulates the thecal cells to produce androgens?

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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14
Q

The menopause is associated with an increase of a specific hormone, which?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

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15
Q

Which hormone is essential for spermatogenesis?

A

Testosterone

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16
Q

What does cryptochism result from?

A

Deficiency of testosterone

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17
Q

At what time after fertilization the conceptus reaches the stage of morula?

A

4 days

18
Q

In the presence of estrogen during prenatal period, in 46, XX individuals, which five accessory sex organs develop?

A
  • Uterus
  • Tuba uterina
  • Clitoris
  • Bulbus vestibuli
  • Glandula vestibularis major
19
Q

Which of the muscles attaches to the arcus tendineus musculi levatoris ani (ATLA)?

A

Musculus iliococcygeus

20
Q

Which two types of cells are a target for follicle-stimulating hormone?

A
  • Sertoli cells
  • Granulosa cells
21
Q

Which seven cell forms can be found in the testes after puberty?

A
  • Type A dark spermatogonia
  • Type A pale spermatogonia
  • Primary spermatocytes
  • Secondary spermatocytes
  • Spermatids
  • Spermatozoa
  • Sustentacular cells (sertoli cells)
22
Q

Regarding hormones involved in sexual development and function, which substance increases the effect of hormones on spermatogenesis?

A

Androgen-binding protein

23
Q

Associate the labels with appropriate structes

A
  1. Crista iliaca
  2. Spina iliaca anterior superior
  3. Spina iliaca anterior inferior
  4. Linea arcuata
  5. Tuberculum pubicum
  6. Spina iliaca posterior superior
  7. Spina iliaca posterior inferior
24
Q

Regarding treatment of erectile dysfunction, select appropriate mode of action for each of the indicated drugs: Papaverine

A

Increases cAMP and/or cGMP

25
Q

Regarding treatment of erectile dysfunction, select appropriate mode of action for each of the indicated drugs: Apomorphin

A

Stimulates dopamine D2 receptors

26
Q

Regarding treatment of erectile dysfunction, select appropriate mode of action for each of the indicated drugs: Alprostadil (PGE1)

A

Increases cAMP

27
Q

Regarding treatment of erectile dysfunction, select appropriate mode of action for each of the indicated drugs: Phentolamine

A

Blocks alpha receptors

28
Q

Regarding treatment of erectile dysfunction, select appropriate mode of action for each of the indicated drugs: Sildenafil (Viagra)

A

Inhibits type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5)

29
Q

Which organ/structure features an epithelium with columnar ciliated and secretory cells?

A

Tuba uterina

30
Q

Provided no MIF (Müllerian inhibitory factor) is produced during early development, which gonad will be found in the individual?

A

Ovary

31
Q

What is the name of the malformed organ in the image?

A

Uterus didelphys bicollis

32
Q

Associate the labels with appropriate muscles

A
  1. Musculus pyriformis
  2. Musculus obturatorius interna
  3. Musculus coccygeus
  4. Musculus levator ani
33
Q

Regarding aromatization (CYP19), associate the substrates with appropriate products: androstendione

A

Estrone

33
Q

Regarding aromatization (CYP19), associate the substrates with appropriate products: androstendione

A

Estrone

34
Q

Regarding aromatization (CYP19), associate the substrates with appropriate products: testosterone

A

Estradiol

35
Q

Regarding hormones involved in sexual development and function, identify the correct substances: Hormone that is produced in male target tissues

A

Dihydrotestosterone

36
Q

Regarding hormones involved in sexual development and function, identify the correct substances: Substance that increases the effect of hormones on spermatogenesis

A

Androgen-binding protein

37
Q

Regarding hormones involved in sexual development and function, identify the correct substances: Hormone that is produced in pulsatile fashion

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

38
Q

Where does sperm maturation take place?

A

In epidydimis

39
Q

Provided MIF (Müllerian inhibitory factor) is produced during early development, which two external genitals will be found with the individual?

A
  • Penis
  • Scrotum
40
Q

When the paramesonephric (wolffian) ducts regress, which structures remains?

A
  • Epoophoron
  • Paroophoron
  • Gartner’s cysts