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Finals > EKG STEMI & BBB > Flashcards

EKG STEMI & BBB Flashcards

1
Q

<p>What are the 4 types of AV blocks?</p>

A

<p>1)1st degree</p>

<p>2)2nd degree Mobitz I(Wenckebach)</p>

<p>3) 2nd degree Mobitz II</p>

<p>4) 3rd degree</p>

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2
Q

<p>What interval is key in reading an EKG when differentiating between AV blocks?</p>

A

<p>PR interval (normal: 0.12-0.20 sec)</p>

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3
Q

<p>EKG is normal except the PR interval is prolonged, at a constant duration, in ALL beats. What type of block is this?</p>

A

<p>First-degree AV block, PRI > 0.20 sec (1 big box) in ALL beats</p>

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4
Q

<p>What type of EKG abnormality is this?</p>

A

<p>First-degree AV block</p>

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5
Q

<p>You're looking at an EKG and the PR interval gets longer and longer until a beat completely drops off (P wave, but no QRS). What type of block is this?</p>

A

<p>Second-degree AV block: Mobitz Type I(Wenckebach)</p>

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6
Q

<p>What type of block is this: the PR interval remains<strong>constant</strong>(can be normal or long) until a beat is dropped</p>

A

<p>Second-degree AV block: Mobitz II</p>

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7
Q

<p>What type of block is more dangerous, second-degree AVB Mobitz I or Mobitz II?</p>

A

<p>Second-degree AVB <strong>Mobitz II</strong>- this often progresses into a complete block</p>

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8
Q

<p>True/False: AV blocks will always have a P wave</p>

A

<p><strong>True,</strong>the SA node is firing, but the impulse gets blocked or delayed at the AV junction in an AV block</p>

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9
Q

<p>In this type of block, theatria and ventricles beat independently, with NO communication between the two. P-P is regular & R-R is regular</p>

A

<p>Third-degree AVB (AKA Complete heart block)</p>

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10
Q

<p>These types of blocks are caused by a delay or interruption in the transmission of impulses occurring<strong>below</strong>the bifurcation of the Bundle of His</p>

A

<p>Bundle branch blocks (RBBB or LBBB)</p>

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11
Q

<p>What leads are you looking at on an EKG when diagnosing BBBs?</p>

A

<p><strong>V1 </strong>and <strong>V6</strong> (looking at R-R')</p>

<p>QRS complex is usually wide (>0.12 sec)</p>

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12
Q

<p>Which BBB is more dangerous, left or right?</p>

A

<p>LBBB <strong>never </strong>occurs in a healthy heart. These are concerning, especially if it's new</p>

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13
Q

<p>What are some possible causes of a RBBB?</p>

A

<ul> <li>Coronary artery disease</li> <li>HTN</li> <li>Acute PE</li> <li>Chronic electrical degeneration</li> <li>Can occur in a healthy heart</li></ul>

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14
Q

<p>What are some common causes of a LBBB?</p>

A

<ul> <li>HTN</li> <li>Cardiomyopathy</li> <li>Acute MI</li> <li>Aortic stenosis</li> <li>Extensive CAD</li> <li>Diseased electrical system</li></ul>

<p>*Most often due to an organic heart disease, does NOT occur in a healthy heart</p>

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15
Q

<p>What characteristic feature will you see in the R waves in the V6 lead during a LBBB?</p>

A

<p>"Rabbit ears"</p>

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16
Q

<p>If you're using the turn signal method of determing R vs L BBB, what direction is this BBB?</p>

A

<p>RBBB, you are looking at<strong>V1 -</strong>you click your turn signal <strong>UP </strong>to turn <strong>Right</strong> (LBBB also has the "rabbit ears" in V6)</p>

17
Q

<p>When looking at BBB, the deflection of the QRS is going the opposite direction of the T wave. What is this called? Is it good or bad?</p>

A

<p>This is called<strong>discordance,</strong>and it's<strong>good</strong></p>

18
Q

<p>The QRS deflection is going the same direction as the T wave in a BBB. What is this called? What does it suggest?</p>

A

<p>This is<strong>concordance,</strong>it may suggest<strong>ischemia or myocardial infarction</strong></p>

19
Q

<p>What is the Sgarbossa criteria tool used for?</p>

A

<p>It is used to identify an MI in the presence of a LBBB</p>

20
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to reduced blood supply secondary to partial occlusion or spasm, heart muscle is savable.</p>

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ refers to no blood supply due to full vessel occlusion, the heart muscle is dead.</p>

A

<p><u><strong>Ischemia</strong></u><strong></strong>refers to reduced blood supply secondary to partial occlusion or spasm, heart muscle is savable.</p>

<p><u><strong>Infarction</strong></u><strong></strong>refers to no blood supply due to full vessel occlusion, the heart muscle is dead.</p>

21
Q

<p>What leads on an EKG correspond to the septum of the heart (septal leads)?</p>

A

<p><strong>V1, V2</strong></p>

22
Q

<p>What are the anterior leads?</p>

A

<p><strong>V2, V3, V4</strong></p>

<p></p>

23
Q

<p>What are the lateral leads?</p>

A

<p>I, av<strong>L</strong>, V5, V6 (L=lateral)</p>

24
Q

<p>II, III, av<strong>F</strong> are what leads?</p>

A

<p>Inferior leads (<strong>F</strong>=inFerior)</p>

25
Q

<p>A defect in the septal leads (V1, V2) indicates ischemia in what vessel?</p>

A

<p>Left anterior descending (LAD) artery</p>

26
Q

<p>A defect seen in the anterior leads (V2, V3, V4)indicates ischemia in what vessel?</p>

A

<p>LAD</p>

27
Q

<p>A defect seen in the lateral leads (I, avL, V5, V6)indicates ischemia in what vessel?</p>

A

<p>Circumflex branch of left coronary artery</p>

28
Q

<p>A defect seen in the inferior leads (II, III, avF)indicates ischemia in what vessel?</p>

A

<p>Right coronary artery</p>

29
Q

<p>ST depression and T-wave inversion seen in<em>at least</em>2 anatomical leads indicates what?</p>

A

<p>Myocardial ischemia</p>

30
Q

<p>There is a degree of ST depression that must be met to conclusively indicate myocardial ischemia:</p>

<p>> at least \_\_mm in V5 or V6 (\_\_\_\_\_ leads) -or-</p>

<p>> at least \_\_mm in III or avF (\_\_\_\_\_ leads)</p>

<p></p>

A

<p>> at least <u><strong>1 mm</strong></u> in V5 or V6 (<u><strong>lateral</strong></u><strong></strong>leads) -or-</p>

<p>> at least <u><strong>1.5mm</strong></u> in III or avF (<u><strong>inferior</strong></u><strong></strong>leads)</p>

31
Q

<p>T wave inversion is <strong>(normal/abnormal)</strong>in leads aVR and V1</p>

A

<p>T wave inversion is <u><strong>normal</strong></u>in leads aVR and V1</p>

32
Q

<p>ST <strong>elevation </strong>in at least 2 anatomical leads indicates \_\_\_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Myocardial<strong>infarction</strong></p>

<p>ST elevation: > 1mm in limb leads, >2mm in precordial leads(V1-V6)</p>

33
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_ is anMI without an elevated ST segment and is typically caused by an incomplete occlusion of an artery. The EKG may show ST depression, T wave inversion, or transient ST elevation. What will help you determine if this is an MI or not?</p>

A

<p><strong>NSTEMI</strong>(non-ST segment elevation MI)</p>

<p>Labswill show elevated cardiac enzymes (i.e. troponin)</p>

34
Q

<p>The arrows on this EKG are indicating ST elevation in leads II, III, and avF. This indicates a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ MI in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ artery.</p>

A

<p>This indicates an<u><strong>inferior</strong></u><strong></strong>MI in the <b><u>right coronary artery (RCA).</u></b></p>

Finals (24 decks)

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