Cardiac Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Steps of plaque formation (4)

A
  1. Endothelial inflammatory response w/ accumulation of WBCs and macrophages
  2. Cholesterol and trig accumulation = fatty deposit (atheroma)
  3. Calcium accumulation
  4. Resulting mass reduces elasticuty/narrows lumen aka hardening of the artery
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2
Q

What are the three layers of the paricardium?

A

From inner to outer:

Visceral pericardium

Parietal pericardium

Fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

What layers of the pericardium are attached to each other?

A

Fibrous + parietal pericardium

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4
Q

Between what two layers of the pericardium does the serous fluid reside?

A

Between the visceral and parietal

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5
Q

What is Beck’s triad a sign of and what are the signs?

A

Cardiac tamponade

  1. Hypotension
  2. Muffled heart sounds
  3. JVD
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6
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation pathway to the cardiac plexus?

A

Preganglionic SNS from T1-5 > cervical and upper thoracic SNS ganglia > sympathetic trunk > cardiac plexus

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7
Q

The right coronary artery supplies what with blood? (8)

A

RA/RV

SA/AV nodes

Atrial septum

portion of LA

posteroinferior 1/3 of IV septum

Part of posterior LV

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8
Q

The left coronary artery supplies? (3)

A

Most of LA

most of IV septum including AV bundle and branches

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9
Q

What is a simpler name for the convergence-projection mechanism?

A

Referred pain

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10
Q

afferent sensory from parietal pericardium travels with phrenic nerve so pain from this area can refer to?

A

supraclavicular area

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11
Q

Pain from visceral cardiac fibers carried by sympathetic trunk can refer to cutaneous region supplied by spinal cord level?

A

T1 - T4/5

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12
Q

Referred pain felt from MI into the left arm and chest travel up which nerve tracts?

A

Spinothalamic and thalamocortical tracts (thought you were done with that shit didn’t you?)

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13
Q

What nerve is involved in “brain freeze”

A

Vagus

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