EGD Flashcards
1
Q
ENHANCES REPRODUCTION MALES
A
- trivers 1972 parental investment theory
- bullying demonstrates dominance strength and acquisition of resources
- these advertise as good genes to females meaning more mating opportunities
- archer and benson found that another benefit is it wards off rivals adolescent boys who have a rep for being tough are less likely to experience aggression themselves
2
Q
ENHANCES REPRODUCTION FEMALE
A
- trivers
- can secure partners fidelity which means males continue to provide resources for future offspring
- mostly use verbal and manipulative which will control a partner later on
- Jennifer Connolly Et al found that 10/11 year old boys and girls who bullied started dating at a younger age than non and more likely to have a current partner
3
Q
ESTABLISHING DOMINANCE
A
- humans tend to build social hierarchy’s in which an individual or some dominate
- this is an adaptive behaviour because hierarchyal social organisation increases chances of survival
- bullying is a means of establishing a person at the top of the hierarchy by acquiring status
- bullying different in sexes however aim is the same
4
Q
ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE
A
- adaptive reason for difference in bullying such as risk tolerance
- females primary aim is to hold onto mate and protect offspring
- dangerous for her to engage in risky behaviour and that could drive away her mate and put offspring in harms way
- tony volk suggests bullying strategies used by females are less risky and obvious as not to lead to repercussions
5
Q
OVERT AND COVERT BULLYING
A
- evidence suggests boys are more likely to engage in overt physical bullying and girls in covert relational bullying Marsh et al
- the less risky female bullying will give the bully a high status and strong position in the social hierarchy which allows her to continue to use indirect bullying more effectively as by exerting more control and giving her more access to boys
