effects of ageing(unit 1) Flashcards
what are the physical effects of ageing?
hearing loss, brittle bones,stiff bones and farsighted
what is cardiovascular disease?
-disease of heart and blood vessels
-blood flow to heart, brain or body reduced
-blood clot
-build up of fatty deposits in artery- hard and narrow
what are the risks of getting cardio vascular dieaseas?
-family/ history
-diabetes
-lack of exercise
-overwieght
-smoking
-high blood pressure
what is the nervous system?
- the spinal cord from brain, a canal in backbone, 40cm long
-connects nerves around body- sending msgs to brain
what is degeneration of the nervous tissue?
-spinal cord recieves info from skin, joints and muscles
-brain recieves msgs via spinal cord
-sends out important instructions to body
- it degenerates as prsn gets older, time to make new cells and repair is slower, slow reflex and decreased sensation.
examples of degeneration of sense organs?
-sensory awareness decrease: need to add more salt/pepper on foods
-hearing and vision decrease: turn up tv
-strong glasses
What is cataracts?
-hard and cloudy: blurred vision
What is glaucoma?
- fluid pressure: blurred vision
what is osteoarthritis?
-degenerative disease
-jonts are painful e.g neck, knee, hips, hands and feet
-women 45-75y/o
(roughing and thinning of joint cartilage,
protective cushion, between end of bones, rub together and cause pain)
What is osteophytes?
-bone growths which grow on end of bones
What is osteoarthritis?
-degenerative and damage joints
What is osteoporosis?
- bones are less dense and fragile, liable to fracture
what are the effects of social change?
-retirement gives chance for grandparents to see grandkids
-involved of politics/ votes(but they dont live a long enough to be able to implement the changes so their vote may be unfair)
what are the effects of death of partner and friends?
-bereavment can result in anxiety/depression
-impact their safety and security
-isolation
why may some elderly people have positive self esteem?
-spend time w grandkids
-new hobbies
-new opportunities
-travelling
-religion, culture and beliefs
why may some elderly have negative self esteem?
-isolated no job
-losing close ppl
-feel weak and fragile
What is the issue w increase leisure time for some?
-they have more free time
-but not enough money to spend for useful things
culture, beliefs and religion in families?
-family members often have the duty to care for those who are elderly within the family
-older ppl provided homes by state
-could be in sheltered housing facilities were they are offered independence
what do sheltered housing include?
-secure, supportive environment
-heating and beds
-adapted to meet needs
-social activities
-tenants can organised own activities
what is the activity theory? Havinghurst
-older ppl adjust to ageing
-take new roles e.g charity & social clubs
-retirement= free time to do stuff
-many see retirement as a chance to try new things/make friends
-otherwise may face depression and risk of bad wellbeing so reduce illness and increase longevity and wellbeing
what is the social disengagement theory?
cunningham and henry
-older ppl naturally disengage and withdraw
-restricted interaction- not having the same capabilities as when they were young.
-due to ill health and geographical mobility
-but can maintain mentally active and enjoy company
how is disengagement theory criticized?
-little evidence to support
-many old ppl still active w friends and family
What does Bromley say?
-people can disengage but still remain active e.g the elderly having facilties isnt enough they should be shown how to use it
evaluate Bromley?
-however when this theory was created some ppl had no access to internet, phones or a car
what may a doctor advise an elderly prsn to do?
-join hobbies
-take part in social activites
-engage in new skill
-do charity work
what is ageism?
“prejudiced discrimination on the grands of a persons age”
two ways ageing creates a positive self esteem?
-more likely to volunteer to wider society
-care for grandchildren when parents are away
two ways ageing can be negative?
-larger dependency ratio - families feeling pressure to care for older relatives
-lack of resources - NHS
what has the institutional care been doing to support the elderly?
-encouraging the community to help with the elderly
-encouraging them to go to day centres, sheltered accommodation and supporting them at home.
What is the impact to wider society if we are all getting older?
-issues surrounding the funding of services (hospitals, care homes)
-Low staffing numbers to care for the elderly
-Increase in loneliness and mental health conditions
-Lack of housing
-Increase in vulnerabe individuals
-Unable to support Pension Allowances
what is self concept?
-set of ideas, feelings and attitudes someone has ab who they are and their worth
what is self image?
-mental of picture of how you see yourself
-(teens may have poor self image during puberty)
what is self esteem?
-how much you like and accept urself as a person
benefits of studying on intellectual dev?
-stretch abilities
-better job , goals
-improve self esteem
-insightful and plan ahead
travelling the world and impacts?
-experience new foods
-meet loads of new people
-teach others ab cultural differences
-broaden knowledge
friendships in later adulthood importance?
-socially active
-reduces boredom and depression
-someone to listen to your issues e.g finance
-support w bereavement
bad effects of retirement?
-death of friends
-poor physical health
-feel worthless
-increased isolation
impact of attending day care on childs developement?
-make friends
-develop fine and gross motor skills
-language develops
-learn to co operate as a team
-new skills/knowledge
effects of having a lack of money
-isolation
-stressed
-cant pay rent
-cant afford basic foods
marrying someone from diff cultural background
-interact w new people
-self esteem/concept
-change in dress and appearance
-more tolerant/ accepting
-may face discrimantion
infulence of friends
-personality change
-pressure from peers
-lifestyle changes e.g smoking, drugs
-fit in
-make new friends
intimate relationships in adolescence
-loved and valued
-work out emotions
-could be distracted
-experience mood swings
-reliance and support
death of someone impact
-shock
-no sleep
-put on weight
-smoking
-isolation
-mental health
-addiciton
-learn to be indpendant
self concept infulenced by group pressure
positives=
-happier
-bond w friends
-more inpendant
-motivated
negative=
-lack confidence
-lack trust
-alone
-excluded and unaccpeted
-unhappy
