EENT Emergencies

Question 1

• What cranial nerve is the oculomotor nerve?
• What is its function?

Answer 1

• III
• vision

Question 2

• What is the sclera?
• What is its function?

Answer 2

• The sclera is the white part of the eye.
• It maintains the eye’s shape.

Question 3

• What is the cornea?
• What is its function?

Answer 3

• The cornea is the transparent anterior portion of the eye.
• It focuses light.

Question 4

Define:

conjunctiva

Answer 4

Mucous membrane that covers sclera.

Question 5

Define:

iris

Answer 5

Colored part of the eye.

Question 6

• What is the pupil?
• What is its function?

Answer 6

• The pupil is the circle opening that opens inside the iris.
• It dilates to let more light inside.

Question 7

• What is the lens?
• What is its function?

Answer 7

• The lens is a transparent structure inside the eye.
• It focuses light on the retina.

Question 8

What is the function of the retina?

Answer 8

Receives light and convert it to nerve signals.

Question 9

Define:

aqueous humor

Answer 9

Clear watery fluid in eye.

Question 10

Define:

vitreous humor

Answer 10

Jelly-like substance that maintains the shape of the globe.

Question 11

Define:

central vision

Answer 11

Visualization of objects directly in front of you.

Question 12

Define:

peripheral vision

Answer 12

Visualization of lateral objects when looking forward.

Question 13

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

Answer 13

Secretes and drains tears from the eye.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the nasolacrimal duct?

Answer 14

Drains tears from lacrimal gland.

Question 15

Define:

dysconjugate gaze

Answer 15

Discoordination between movement of two eyes.

Question 16

Treatment:

Chemical burns to the eye.

Answer 16

Irrigate for 5-20 mins.

Question 17

Define:

Morgan Lens

Answer 17

Eye device used for constant irrigation.

Question 18

In what situation would you remove contact lenses from the eye?

Answer 18

If it is a chemical burn.

Question 19

Define:

conjunctivitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Otherwise known as pink eye.

Question 20

Treatment:

corneal abrasion

Answer 20

Irrigate or tape the eyelid closed.

Question 21

Define:

photophobia

Answer 21

Sensitivity to light.

Question 22

Increased or Decreased.

Glaucoma is caused from ______ ocular pressure within the eye.

Answer 22

increased

Question 23

Fill in the blank.

Bleeding into the anterior portion of the eye from trauma is called _______.

Answer 23

hyphema

Question 24

What is the primary cause of retinal detachment?

Answer 24

Sports injuries

Eg. from boxing.

Question 25

What are the **three main functions** of the **ear**?

Answer 25

1. hearing 2. balance 3. orientation

Question 26

# Treatment: **Foreign body** in the ear.

Answer 26

* Do not remove. * Stabilize.

Question 27

What is **cerumen**?

Answer 27

earwax

Question 28

# Define: labyrinthitis

Answer 28

Feeling of **vertigo/loss of balance**. ## Footnote Residual effects from an ear infection.

Question 29

# Define: Ménière's Disease

Answer 29

An inner ear disorder caused by a rupture that leads to **increased pressure** in the **cochlear** duct. ## Footnote Causes tinnitus and vertigo.

Question 30

# Define: oitis

Answer 30

An **infection** from **bacterial growth** within the ear.

Question 31

What are the **three functions** of the **nose?**

Answer 31

1. filter 2. humidify 3. heat

Question 32

# Define: anosmia

Answer 32

Loss of **smell**.

Question 33

# Define: dysosmia

Answer 33

**Distorted** sense of smell.

Question 34

# Define: hyperosmia

Answer 34

**Increased** sensitivity to smell.

Question 35

# Define: hyposmia

Answer 35

**Decreased** **sensitivity** to smell.

Question 36

What is the function of **turbinates**?

Answer 36

**Humidifies air** as it passes over.

Question 37

What is the purpose of the **paranasal sinuses**?

Answer 37

* **Decrease the weight** of the skull. * Provide **resonance** for the voice.

Question 38

# Define: epistaxis

Answer 38

Nose bleed

Question 39

# Define: rhinitis

Answer 39

Runny nose

Question 40

# Define: mastication

Answer 40

Act of **chewing**.

Question 41

What is the function of the **hypoglossal nerve**? | Cranial Nerve XII

Answer 41

Provides **motor function** to the **tongue**.

Question 42

What is the function of the **glossopharyngeal nerve**? | Cranial Nerve IX

Answer 42

Provides **taste** sensation.

Question 43

# Define: dentalgia

Answer 43

toothache

Question 44

# Define: thrush

Answer 44

**Accumulation of fungus** on the tongue.

Question 45

# Treatment Foreign body in the mouth.

Answer 45

**Keep in forward position** for gravity to assist in it falling out.

Question 46

# Define: Epiglottitis

Answer 46

Inflammation of **epiglottis**.

Question 47

# Define: Tonsillitis

Answer 47

Inflammation of the **tonsils**. ## Footnote Viral infection.

Question 48

# Assessment Epiglottitis

Answer 48

* drooling * Dysphagia * stridor * respiratory distress * tripod position

Question 49

# Treatment Epiglottitis

Answer 49

* Do **not** assess the **oropharynx**. * Let PT assume comfortable position. * If *needed* humidified oxygen.