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Scientific Foundations > EEG Interpretation > Flashcards

EEG Interpretation Flashcards

1
Q

What is delta frequency?

A

3Hz or less

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2
Q

What is theta frequency?

A

4-7Hz

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3
Q

What is alpha frequency?

A

8-13Hz

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4
Q

What is beta frequency?

A

14-30Hz

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5
Q

What affects background frequency composition?

A

▪️ Age
▪️ Level of consciousness
▪️ Disease

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6
Q

What is the general EGG signal through childhood?

A

▪️ Slow frequencies
▪️ Delta-theta (increasing from birth to 3 years)
▪️ Higher voltage

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7
Q

How does the EEG signal change through adolescence and adulthood?

A

▪️ Gradual increase in frequency of posterior dominant rhythm
▪️ Becomes more organised and well-defined
▪️ Low-medium amplitude background

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8
Q

How does the EEG signal change through older adulthood?

A

▪️ Dominant alpha rhythm
▪️ Mixed in theta and beta activities
▪️ Slowing in old age

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9
Q

What EEG rhythm dominates eye closure?

A

Alpha

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10
Q

What happens to the EEG signal when drowsy?

A

▪️ Diffuse slowing and attenuation (looks more chaotic)
▪️ Delta and theta activity

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11
Q

What happens to the EEG signal when asleep?

A

▪️ Increased slowing in the background
▪️ Specific sleep phenomena indicating sleep stage
▪️ E.g. stage 3 = slow-wave sleep, delta

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12
Q

What are the two main types of artefacts?

A

▪️ Physiological (e.g., eye movement, blinking, ECG, muscle movement)
▪️ Extra physiological (e.g., faulty channel/electrode, mains interference 50Hz)

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13
Q

What can eye movement artefacts be useful for?

A

Differentiating between wakefulness and different sleep stages

(primarily frontal electrodes)

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14
Q

What does a 50Hz artefact indicate?

A

One of more electrode is poorly applied to the scalp

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15
Q

What might a muscle artefact indicate?

A

▪️ Patient is anxious/not relaxed
▪️ Chewing, tongue movement, clenching jaw

(chewing = rhythmic muscle artefact)

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16
Q

What are the three main activation procedures?

A

▪️ Hyperventilation
▪️ Photic stimulation
▪️ Sleep

(all increase likelihood of recording epileptiform activity)

17
Q

What is hyperventilation and how does it affect the EEG signal?

A

▪️ Breathe quickly and deeply for 3 minutes
▪️ Typically causes slowing - a consequence of cerebral vasoconstriction, induced by lower CO2 levels?

18
Q

What is the main EEG sign of absence seizures?

A

Generalised spike and wave discharges at 3Hz (3 peaks per second)

19
Q

What EEG signs may be indicative of stage 2 sleep?

A

▪️ Brief bursts of high frequency activity - sleep spindles
▪️ Particularly in anterior channels
▪️ Absence of sinusoidal, well-defined posterior dominant rhythms

20
Q

What might a rhythmic muscle artefact indicate?

A

Chewing

Scientific Foundations (27 decks)

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