Education

Question 0

Hargreaves

Answer 0

Working class boys join anti school subcultures due to labelling.

Question 1

Willis

Answer 1

Studied 12 working class lads. Chose to reject school values. A career in manual labour was inevitable and masculine. Gained status through anti school subculture norms eg truancy and challenging teachers authority

Question 2

Mac and ghail

Answer 2

Crisis of masculinity. Grow up knowing they would have a masculine job. Eg mines and factories (industry). But there was a decline in Industry jobs which leaves boys confused so they give up with school work

Question 3

Gillborn

Answer 3

Teachers negatively label black students unintentionally. This is institutional racism. Self fulfilling prophesy.

Question 4

Wright

Answer 4

Institutional racism in schools. Afro carribean boys are more likely to be told off. Indian girls are told off for wearing head scarfs. Leads to subcultures forming.

Question 5

Spender

Answer 5

Boys are noisier and more active so get more attention. They get more praise and dominate class discussions. Girls are invisible.