Education Flashcards
role,policies
role of education- functionialist view
what do functionalist base their view of society on and what do they aim to find about education?
value consensus- an agreement among societys members about what values are important
* what education does to help the members of society
role of education- functionialist view
what are the two main functions of education according to durkheim?
- social solidarity- individual members must feel themselves to be a apart of a single body or community, without this social life and co-operation would be impossible, education helps create social solidarity by transmitting societys culture
- specialist skills- teaches individuals specialist knowledge and skills that they need to play their part in the social division of labour
role of education- functionialist view
what is parsons view on eductaion?
- sees school as the focal socialising agency acting as a bridge between the family and wider society- bridge needed bc family and society operate on diff principles
- in family- children are judged by particularistic standards= ascribed status
- school and society- children are judged by the same universalistic and impersonal standards= acheieved status
* school is meritocratic- we are all given the same equal oppurtunities to acieve rewards through our own efforts and abilitys
role of education- functionialist view
what is davis and moores view on education?
education is a device for role allocation- focus on the relationship between education and social inequality
* inequality is needed to ensure the most important jobs in society are filled by the talented people- this encourages people to compete
* education is a proving ground for ability as it sifts and sorts us according to abilty ( most able get high qualifications = entry to importnat roles)
role of education- neoliberalism + new right view
what is neoliberaism?
a view that argues the state should not provide services like education, health and welfare ( have influenced conservative, coalition and labour govts)
* based on the idea that the state must not dictate to individulas how to dispose of their property and should not try to regulate a free market ecomomy
* instead they should enourage competion, private state run businesses and deregulate markets
* the value of education lies in how well it enables the country to compete in the global market- to do this schools need to be more like businesses
role of education- neoliberalism + new right view
what is the new right view?
a conservative political view that incorporates neoliberal economic ideas- the state cannot meet the needs of people + people are best left to meet their own needs through the free market
* bc of this they favour marketistaion of education
role of education- neoliberalism + new right view
what is the new right view on education?
the current edu system is not acheieving goals bc its ran by the state
* the solution to this is the marketisation of eductaion- competion between schools and empowering consumers will bring greater diveristy choice and efficiency to schools and increase their ability to meet needs of pupils parents and employers
role of education- neoliberalism + new right view
what is Chubb and moe’s view on education?
consmuer choice
they called for the introduction of a market system in state education that would put control in the hands of the consumers (parents)- this would allow consumers to shape schools to meet theirs own needs and would improve quality and efficiency
* a system was proposed where each family would be given a voucher to spend on buying education from a school of their choice
* this would force schools to become more responsive to parents wishes since the vouchers would be the schools main source of income= creation of competion between schools
* this already happens in private eduaction
role of education- neoliberalism + new right view
what are the two important roles of the state?
- they impose a framework on schools in which they have to compete
- the state ensures that schools transmit a shared culture by having a single national curriculum this guarantees that schools socialise pupils into a single culture
role of education- marxists view
what do marxist see education based on?
class divison and capitalist exploitation
marx- two classes in capitalism
* education functions to prevent revolution and maintains capitlaism
1. the bourgeosie-minority class consisting of employers owing means of production
2. proleteriat- work for capitalism unpaid labour
role of education- marxists view
what is althussers idea of ideological state apparatus?
- the state consists of two elements which both serve to keep the bourgeoisie in power:
- the repressive state apparatuses- maintain the rule of the powerful by force or the threat of it ( includes police, courts army etc)
- the ideological state apparatuses- maintain the rule of the powerful by controlling peoples ideas,values and beliefs ( includes religion, eductaion system and media)
- the edu system is an important ISA
role of education- marxists view
what is althussers view on education?
it performs two functions:
1. reproduces class inequality by transmitting it from one gen to another gen
2. justifies class inequality by producing sets of ideas and beliefs that disguise educations true cause- persuade workers to accept that inequality is inevitable and that they deserve their subordinate position in society
role of education- marxists view
what is bowles and gintis’s view on education?
to reproduce an obedient workforce that wil accept inequality is inevitable
role of education- marxists view
what is b& g’s correspondence principle and hidden ciriculum idea?
there are close paralells between school and working in a capitalist society- both are hierachies with headteacher and bosses at top giving out orders to pupils and workers who are at the botom obeying
* the relationships and structures found in education mirrior those of work
* the cp operates through the hidden ciriculum- all leassons learnt in school that are not directly taught
* this prepares w.c pupils for their role of exploitation in the future
role of education- marxists view
what is the myth of meritocracy according to bowles and gintis?
the edu system is a giant myth making machine - as evidence shows and proves that not everyone has the same equal opputtunies to succeed as factors like class gender and ethnicity are big determinats in success in the system
role of education- marxists view
what is willis learning to labour?
his study that shows that w.c pupils can resist such attempts to brainwashing by capitalism
* he is a neo-marxist- combining marxist ideas of capitalism with focusing on the meaning that pupils give to their situation and how these enable them to resist indocrination
role of education- marxists view
what is willis’s study of the lads?
- used qualitative research + unstructured interviews studying a counter -school culture ‘ the lads’ a group of 12 w.c boys going from school to work
- these boys opposed the school, finding it boring and meaningless
- noticed the similarities between them and cuture of male manual workers- both see manual labour as superior and intellectual work as inferior
- these beliefs helped them fit into the very jobs of manual labour bc
- they don’t expect =satisfaction from work
- their acts of rebelion guarantee that they will end up in unskilled jobs
