Eds Body Representation Flashcards
What is the difference between body image and body schema?
body image is the conscious visual representation of how somebody’s own body appears. body schema is the representation of body in continuous change with automatic and unconscious updating
What brain area is mostly involved with spatial information and multimodal integration?
the posterior parietal cortex (PPC)
What is the EBA and where is it located?
the extrastriate body area is a distinct cortical region in humans that responds selectively to images of the human body compared to control stimuli. it is located in the lateral occipitotemporal cortex and it is a specialized neural system for the visual perception of the human body
What is the body matrix?
it is a multisensory representation of peripersonal space and specifically of the space directly around the body. it is supported by a network of multisensory and homeostatic brain areas responsible for its maintenance; it is crucial for body ownership and homeostatic regulation.
What implicit measures can be used for body representation in eating disorders?
1) the Body Image Brief Implicit Association Test
2) the Food Approach-Avoidance Task
What brain area seems to be important when evaluating one own’s body?
anterior insula, bilaterally
What clusters of brain areas activated more in AN patients when looking at their own body images compared to others’ and therefore may implicate the existence of a specialized network?
precuneus, ventral posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC) and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC). the posterior cingulate cortex and the precuneus are suggested as key components of a network supporting self-other evaluative processes
Describe the own-body transformation task.
people must make left-right judgments on a schematic human figure which may be facing toward or away from the observer; bulimia nervosa patients were specifically impaired in providing laterality judgments on the front-facing human figures
How do anorexia nervosa patients react to the rubber hand experiment and why is that?
they have a stronger experience of ownership over the rubber hand, but there is no larger proprioceptive drift compared to controls. AN patients have a more malleable body representation and more easily integrate a rubber hand into their body representation, likely due to prioritizing external sensory input over interoceptive signals
What do we mean by body representation?
We refer to the knowledge of the fact that the body with which we act in space is ours and is separated from the outside world. These are somatosensory, motor and semantic representations concerning the body. Some aspects are strictly related to brain regions while others are affected by cultural and social factors.
What brain areas does the body matrix involve?
Premotor cortex, operculum, superior parietal, S1, posterior parietal, insula and brainstem.
What’s the DSM-V criterium C for anorexia nervosa?
Disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation or persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of the current low body weight.
What’s the DSM-V criterium D for bulimia nervosa?
Self evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight.
What’s the DSM-V criterium D for ARFID?
The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of anorexia or bulimia nervosa and there is no evidence of a disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced.
Does body dissatisfaction directly predict anorexia nervosa?
It does not, but it amplifies the relation between low BMI and onset of AN.
