EDEL 321 Flashcards
Role of Physical Education (6)
Can contribute to goals that also promoted in other curriculum :
Self Direction
Self Esteem
Cooperative Behavior
Creativity
Personal and social development
Intellectual growth
Justifying the need for a quality PE Education program (4)
Stresses the importance of an active lifestyle
Encourages a love for health
Gets children moving
Promotes an interest in sports
Education Statement of Belief (4)
- ALL children are able to reach their potential:
treated as equal and process need to allow that - Teaching= Art and Science:
All scientific knowledge available about how and why children learn
Need to use common sense/ingenuity to help children reach full potential
Democratic environment: allow children to maintain worth and integrity
- Children= unique
Learn at own level
Own style of learning
Learn in a systematic way= teacher ensures this
Vary in maturity and ability in similar age level
Practice to achieve personal best
Variety of activities to learn
Variety of learning methods and approaches: to meet needs and abilities
Accommodations may be needed
- Teachers= help child become self directed and independent learner
PE+ statement of belief expectations (4)
1.Teach children to develop and maintain an active lifestyle
2.Lifestyle needs: competencies, knowledge, desires and fitness as foundation for their present/future active lifestyles
3.PE activities/experiences help achieve: self esteem, self direction and cooperative behavior
4.Needs to enjoyable and successful
Developmentally Appropriate Activities (DAP)
Approach to teaching
Grounded in research in how kids develop and learn
Promotes optimal learning and development
Teacher news to meet children at the same developmental level individually or as a group
Needs to be age, grade and skill level appropriate
Not every child or class will be the same
Inappropriate level activities =
risk injury
_____,_____,_____, and ______ have a significant implication when choosing DAP
Physiological, psychological, motivational and sociological
What is physical literacy
the motivation, confidence, knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement of physical activities for life
allows individuals to make healthy active choices throughout their life span: both beneficial to and respectful of themselves, others and their environment
Elements of Physical Literacy (4)
Motivation and Confidence (Affective)
Physical Competence (Physical)
Knowledge and Understanding(Cognitive)
Engagement in Physical Activities for life( Behavioural)
Domains in PE (3)
Physical(moving)
Cognitive (thinking)
Affective (whole child)
Benefits and Values of PE (6)
Academic and Learning
Mental Health
Motor Ability
Social and Emotional Learning
Joy of human movement
Health
Cooperative games must have: and explain what they mean in a PE setting (6)
Fun: more likely to play. Do better and learn better with excitement in play time
Cooperation: work together to reach a common goal
Equality: everyone has an equal role
Participation: everyone involved
Success: favorable outcome, want to keep playing
Trust: have faith students are doing their best
Components of a lesson (4)
Objective of Lesson(General and Specific Outcomes)
Warm up
Learning activities/ Teaching strategies
Closure/cool down
Cooperation games: benefits for students(6)
Provide exercise
Emphasize teamwork
Build relationships
Strengthen classroom community
Increases confidence
Learn about rules and strategy development
How to prepare for a phys ed class (5)
Explain what the first step is when you enter the gym
Ensure students are dressed appropriately and ready for class
Set expectations for students(listening and quiet)
Explain activity before going to the gym
Use questioning techniques
Outline of a lesson (4)
Warmup
Stretch
Explain and do activity (individual-partner-group : for learning skills)
Cool Down
What questions to ask when planning cooperative games (4)
What level is the game suited for
How can you accommodate the game for different levels/disabilities
Does the game contain all 6 elements?
Is it warm up game or long activity
Examples of cooperative games
Knots
Birthday game
Pulse game
Barnyard
Parachute games
Kick jack
what percent of elementary children are living in larger bodies
25-35
5-6 year olds vs 7-12 year olds muscle growth
5-6 year olds: rapid muscle growth (size of tissue)
7-12 year olds: relatively gradual and continuous muscle growth (muscle tissue almost doubles during this time and needs to be exercised)
Boys are slightly stronger than girls between 5-12 years old (social factors)
Body Types (3)
Ectomorph (tall/thin)
Mesomorph (proportionate)
Endomorph (fat/obese)
Role of PE in Fighting Childhood Obesity
Integration of health (nutrition and eating habits) and PE
Active lifestyle: in and out of school
What 2 factors can make an unpleasure PE experience when talking about overweight children’s body composition
Overweight children: difficulty performing all motor skills
Display fatigue early
What might be needed for overweight students in PE
an IEP
Body proportion: how it changes through childhood (3)
Centre of gravity in early childhood in umbilicus: difficulty with balance
Centre of gravity lowers to pelvic region as they age
Early puberty: proportionate for both
Most efficient way to develop strong and healthy bones is what
physical activity including weight-bearing activities
When is maturation complete with bones
when they merge
How does growth occur in bones
from centre towards ends of bones and vise versa
what continuously grows in elementary children
bones length, width, and composition
when do bones attain the greatest mass
during appropriate weight bearing activities (climb and swing)
What are motor milestones
generalized for developing children (ex: not walking at 20 months would be concerning)
What is Cephalocaudal Growth
growth from heads towards feet
what is Proximodistal Growth
growth from center of body to periphery
Factors affecting growth and development: (3)
Nutrition
○ needs vitamins and minerals to grommet growth
Exercise
○ To gain motor skills
○ To prevent obesity
○ Weight bearing activity Ives help develop bones, muscles, and bodies
Geography and Climate
○ Weather affects what we can do outside[too cold]
○ It may be more difficult to obtain healthy food in some areas
Competency in human movement is tied to what
motor skill acquisition
example of how Competency in Human movement is tied to motor skill acquisition
Non swimmers unlikely to go boating
Poor rhythmic awareness unlikely to go to dance class
motor skill development is influenced by(3)
by growth, maturation and learning
Process of learning a Motor Skill(3)
3 Distinct Learning Phases [ex. Riding a bike]
Cognitive: thinking it out
■ Getting on bike
■ Balancing
■ Pedaling, steering
Associative
■ Understanding steering and pedalling at same time
■ How it all comes together
Autonomous
■ It becomes second nature
■ They don’t have to think about every step
Phases of Motor Learning
Cognitive, Associative and Autonomous
Cognitive Phase of Motor Learning
Students share characteristics of learning such as:
■ Questioning their personal performance
■ Creating mental plans of how to complete the skill
■ Experiencing uncoordinated and tentative attempts of the skill
■ Using multiple attempts at completing the skill; not all successful;
lacks consistency
Associative Phase of Motor Learning
Students share characteristics of learning such as:
■ Being highly engaged in problem solving
■ Being less dependent on the external cues
■ Being better able to utilize internal cues; beginning to refine the skill
■ Experiencing more successful and consistent practice attempts
Autonomous Phase of Motor Learning
Students share characteristics of learning such as:
■ Performing skills somewhat effortlessly
■ Experiencing automatic skill performance
■ Requiring minimal conscious attention
■ Making adjustments in the performance of the skill
■ Be able to apply skills to many different settings
what you might face as a teacher and how should it influence PE instruction
Growth Spurts, Puberty
Using appropriate activities for age and growth
Understand kids may be having an off day
Create a safe space
Language acquisition
Why is it important to get to the autonomic phase of learning
This will free up space in children’s brain to focus on strategies and tactic
Principles of the way we teach and how children should (9)
Principle of Interest, Principle of Practice, Principle of Disturbed Practice, Principle of Skill Specificity, Principle of Variable Practice, Principle of Whole Part Learning, Principle of Transfer, Principle of Skill Improvement, Principle of Feedback
Principle of Interest
- Desire to learn is apparent
- Select appropriate activities for needs and abilities
- Success