Eczema Flashcards
What is eczema?
Itchy, erythematous skin which leads to lichenification and scaling
What is atopic eczema associated with?
Asthma
Hayfever
Will affect flexural areas
Explain the pathophysiology of eczema?
- Combination of genetics and environmental factors
- barrier function of the skin doesn’t work as well so skin is dry and easily irritated by allergens
Histologically, what does eczema look like acutely and chronically?
Acutely: red-intra-epidermal vesicles and spongiosis
Chronically: lichenification and increased scaling
What is the diagnostic criteria for atopic eczema?
Itching plus 3 or more:
- visible flexural rash
- history of flexural rash
- history of atopy
- generally dry skin
- onset before 2yrs old
How is atopic eczema managed?
- emollients & antihistamines for itch
- hydrocortisone 1% cream
- UVB phototherapy if topical steroids don’t help
What is seborrhoeic eczema?
erythematous scaly rash affecting scalp, eyebrows, cheeks and around the nose. Associated with overgrowth of skin yeasts
What would cause severe seborrhoeic eczema that can be mistaken for psoriasis?
HIV +ve
How is seborrhoeic eczema treated?
Mild steroid + antifungal combined shampoo
What is discoid eczema?
Coin shaped eczema lesions due to any itchy skin condition - eczema, renal failure etc
How is discoid eczema treated?
emollients and topical hydrocortisone
What is eczema herpeticum?
eczema that has been infected by HSV (herpes simplex virus) - creates monomorphic punched out lesions
How is eczema herpeticum treated?
Admission to hospital
IV acyclovir
