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Microbiology Final > Ectoparasitic Infections > Flashcards

Ectoparasitic Infections Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cause of scabies

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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2
Q

Scabies morphology

A

Small mite with short legs

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3
Q

Female vs male scabies

A

Female:

  • Fertilized on the skin surface
  • Burrows into the epidermis
  • Completes life cycle in 5 weeks, dies in burrow

Male:

  • Shorter life span
  • Remains on skin surface or shallow burrows
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4
Q

Main clinical manifestation of scabies

A

PRURITIS (worse at night)

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5
Q

Crusted norwegian scabies

A

More common in immunocompromised (HIV)

Intense superinfection of scabies with thousands of mites

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6
Q

Pediatric scabies

A

Similar to Norwegian scabies, but lesions may be blood filled

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7
Q

Transmission of scabies

A

Usually direct person contact (likely an STI in adults)

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8
Q

Diagnosis of scabies

A

Mineral oil prep with microscopy

-Look for mite, mite parts, eggs, or fecal pellets

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9
Q

Treatment considerations with scabies

A

May need to retreat!

  • Permethrin only kills what’s on the surface
  • Ivermectin does not kill eggs

Wash all bedding and clothes in hot water
Examine all sexual partners

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10
Q

Cause of pubic lice

A

Phthirus pubis

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11
Q

Transmission of pubic lice

A

Sexual contact

Contaminated bedding

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12
Q

Diagnosis of pubic lice

A

Visualize louse or nit (much larger than scabies)

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13
Q

Name for lice (non pubic)

A

Pediculosis

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14
Q

Cause of pediculosis

A

Pediculus humanus

  • P. humanus capitis = head louse
  • P. humanus humanus = body louse
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15
Q

Disease transmitted by lice

A

Epidemic typhus

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16
Q

Pathogenicity of lice

A

Bloodsucking! (differs from pubic)

“Vagabond’s disease”

17
Q

Human flea

A

Pulex irritans

18
Q

Flea morphology

A

1-4 mm length
Laterally compressed
Short spikes on legs to allow attachment

19
Q

Pathogenicity of fleas

A

Need blood for survival!

20
Q

Bloodsuckers

A

Pediculus humanus

Pulex irritans

21
Q

Pimple like rash

A

Scabies

22
Q

Raised halo shaped bumps

A

Fleas

23
Q

Extremely pruritic (especially at night)

A

Scabies

24
Q

Concentrated in lower extremities

A

Fleas

25
Q

Multiple bites in a linear pattern

A

Fleas

26
Q

Burrow beneath the skin

A

Scabies

27
Q

Prefer to live in hairy, warm environments

A

Fleas

28
Q

Contagious by skin contact

A

Scabies

29
Q

Cause of rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF)

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

30
Q

Vector for RMSF

A

American dog tick
Rocky mountain wood tick
BROWN DOG TICK (Arizona)

31
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii morphology

A

Gram negative*
Obligate intracellular*
Non motile
Pleomorphic (cocci, rods, thread-like)

32
Q

Symptom onset of RMSF

A

2-14 days after tick bite

33
Q

RMSF Symptoms

A 
Fever
Rash (2 types)
34
Q

Rash types in RMSF

A
  1. Small, flat pink non itchy spots:
    - On wrists, forearms, and ankles.
    - Spreads to trunk, palms, and soles
    - 2-5 days post infection (may not be present)
  2. Red to purple spotted petechial rash:
    - Pinpoint hemorrhages (60% of pts)
    - 6 days post infection (late infection/severe disease)
35
Q

RMSF Diagnosis

A

Clinical
Do not delay treatment! (within 5 days)
No good/quick tests available

Gold Standard - Indirect immunofluorescence with a R. rickettsii antigen (2 samples, 2-4 weeks apart)

Microbiology Final (8 decks)

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