Dermatomycoses

Question 1

DTM Test

Answer 1

Turns red = Dermatophyte (nitrogen consumption)

Blue = Fungal

Question 2

Arthroconidium

Answer 2

Infectious form

Question 3

Zoophilic

Answer 3

Animal to human

Question 4

Antrophophilic

Answer 4

Human to human

Question 5

Geophilic

Answer 5

Soil to human

Question 6

Dermatophytes that can disseminate in HIV

Answer 6

T. mentagrophytes

M. canis

Question 7

Arthrospores

Answer 7

Survive in environment
Human to human
Infectious

Question 8

Microconidia

Answer 8

Unicellular
May infect
Asexual

Question 9

Macroconidia

Answer 9

Usually multicellular
May infect
Asexual

Question 10

Dermatophytid

Answer 10

Reaction to antigen in areas devoid of organism

Treat with steroids (topical/systemic)

Question 11

Trichophyton species

Answer 11

T. tonsurans
T. rubrum
T. mentagrophytes***

Question 12

Tricophyton

Answer 12

Not often flurescent
Pencil-shaped macroconidia w/ thin walls

Produce:

• Hyphae (spindle shaped)
• Microconidia
• Macroconidia

Question 13

Most common cause of tinea capitis

Answer 13

Microsporum

Question 14

Microsporum

Answer 14

Exhibit fluorescence

Produce:

• Hyphae
• Microconidia
• Macroconidia (large, spindle-shaped; multicellular; thick walled)

Question 15

Wood’s lamp

Answer 15

Used for fluorescence

Question 16

Ringworms are caused by

Answer 16

Tinea species (dermatophytes)

Question 17

barbae

Answer 17

beard

Question 18

capitis

Answer 18

scalp

Question 19

corporis

Answer 19

arm, leg, torso

Question 20

cruris

Answer 20

groin

Question 21

manus

Answer 21

hand

Question 22

pedis

Answer 22

foot

Question 23

unguium

Answer 23

nail

Question 24

Causative agents of tinea capitis

Answer 24

M. canis***
T. mentagrophytes
T. tonsurans

Question 25

Types of ringworm infections (of scalp)

Answer 25

Endothrix (within follicle)

Ectothrix

Question 26

Endothrix species

Answer 26

Tricophyton:

• T. mentagrophytes
• T. tonsurans

Question 27

Ectothrix species

Answer 27

M. canis

Question 28

Most prevalent of all dermatophytoses

Answer 28

Tinea pedis

Question 29

Onychomycosis

Answer 29

Ringworm of the nail (Tinea unguium)

Question 30

Coinfection with tinea unguium

Answer 30

Candida

Question 31

Special treatment with tinea unguium

Answer 31

Systemic antifugnals

Question 32

Most commonly encountered opportunistic mycoses worldwide

Answer 32

Candidiases

Question 33

Forms of candida albicans

Answer 33

Budding yeast
Pseudohypha
Germ tube
Hypha

Question 34

Invasive form of candida

Answer 34

Germ tube

Question 35

Candida diagnosis

Answer 35

Direct microscopic examination
Chromagar (selective and differential)
Germ tube culture
Serology is difficult (false positives)

Question 36

Gram stain candida

Answer 36

Large “G+” cells (not true G+)

Question 37

Forms of candida that form germ tubes

Answer 37

C. albicans

C. dubliniensis

Question 38

Chromagar results

Answer 38

C. albicans = Green
C. krusei = Pink
C. tropicalis = Blue

Question 39

Tinea versicolor agent

Answer 39

Malassezia furfur

Question 40

Tinea versicolor morphology

Answer 40

“Spaghetti and meatballs”

• Short, unbranched hyphae
• Somewhat spherical cells

Question 41

Lipophilic growth factor

Answer 41

Tinea versicolor

Question 42

Tinea versicolor diagnosis

Answer 42

KOH prep - microscopic examination

Question 43

Tinea nigra agent

Answer 43

Hortaea werneckii

Question 44

Morphology of tinea nigra

Answer 44

Dimorphic (yeast or mold)

Halotolerant

Question 45

Tinea nigra clinical findings

Answer 45

Brownish lesions on the palms/soles (produces melanin)

Question 46

Tinea nigra diagnosis

Answer 46

KOH and microscopy